Rueda-Holgado F, Calvo-Blázquez L, Cereceda-Balic F, Pinilla-Gil E
Departamento de Química Analítica, Universidad de Extremadura, Av. de Elvas, s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.
Departamento de Química Analítica, Universidad de Extremadura, Av. de Elvas, s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.
Chemosphere. 2016 Feb;144:1788-96. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.10.079. Epub 2015 Nov 11.
Fractionation of elemental contents in atmospheric samples is useful to evaluate pollution levels for risk assessment and pollution sources assignment. We present here the main results of long-term characterization of atmospheric deposition by using a recently developed atmospheric elemental fractionation sampler (AEFS) for major and trace elements monitoring around an important industrial complex located in Puchuncaví region (Chile). Atmospheric deposition samples were collected during two sampling campaigns (2010 and 2011) at four sampling locations: La Greda (LG), Los Maitenes (LM), Puchuncaví (PU) and Valle Alegre (VA). Sample digestion and ICP-MS gave elements deposition values (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Pb, Sb, Ti, V and Zn) in the insoluble fraction of the total atmospheric deposition. Results showed that LG location, the closest location to the industrial complex, was the more polluted sampling site having the highest values for the analyzed elements. PU and LM were the next more polluted and, finally, the lowest elements concentrations were registered at VA. The application of Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis identified industrial, traffic and mineral-crustal factors. We found critical loads exceedances for Pb at all sampling locations in the area affected by the industrial emissions, more significant in LG close to the industrial complex, with a trend to decrease in 2011, whereas no exceedances due to atmospheric deposition were detected for Cd.
对大气样品中的元素含量进行分级，有助于评估污染水平，以进行风险评估和污染源分配。我们在此展示了利用最近开发的大气元素分级采样器（AEFS）对位于智利普春卡维地区一个重要工业园区周围的大气沉降进行长期特征分析的主要结果，该采样器用于监测主要和微量元素。在2010年和2011年的两次采样活动中，于四个采样地点采集了大气沉降样品：拉格雷达（LG）、洛斯迈泰内斯（LM）、普春卡维（PU）和阿莱格雷谷（VA）。通过样品消解和电感耦合等离子体质谱法得出了总大气沉降不溶部分中的元素沉降值（铝、砷、钡、镉、钴、铜、铁、钾、锰、铅、锑、钛、钒和锌）。结果表明，LG地点是离工业园区最近的地点，是污染最严重的采样点，所分析元素的值最高。PU和LM是其次污染较严重的，最后，VA的元素浓度最低。主成分分析和聚类分析的应用确定了工业、交通和矿物地壳因素。我们发现，在受工业排放影响的区域内，所有采样地点的铅临界负荷均超标，在靠近工业园区的LG处更为显著，且在2011年有下降趋势，而镉未检测到因大气沉降导致的超标情况。
