von Kardorff Ernst, Soltaninejad Ali, Kamali Mohammad, Eslami Shahrbabaki Mahin
a Institute for Rehabilitation Sciences , Faculty of Arts and Humanities IV, Humboldt University of Berlin , Berlin , Germany.
b Institute for Rehabilitation Sciences , Faculty of Arts and Humanities IV, Humboldt University of Berlin , Berlin , Germany.
Nord J Psychiatry. 2016;70(4):248-54. doi: 10.3109/08039488.2015.1084372. Epub 2015 Nov 2.
Caregivers of people with mental illnesses often experience a wide range of burdens. Although many studies have confirmed burdens among family caregivers of mentally ill relatives in general, specific knowledge regarding the concrete everyday hassle and existential sorrows from the caregiverś subjective reasoning perspective is lacking. Furthermore, there is little evidence on the possible different effects of affective disorders and schizophrenia on the quality of burden; this is also true with regard to the role of cultural traditions and lay beliefs.
The aim of this study was to explore the specific burdens experienced by caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and affective disorders.
A qualitative study was conducted by semi-structured interviews with 45 caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and affective disorders. Data were analysed by qualitative content analysis.
Eleven encumbering themes resulted from the interviews including incertitude, unawareness, emotional burden, stigma and blame, financial burden, physical burden, restriction in routine, disruption in routine, dissatisfaction with family, relatives, and acquaintances, troubles with patients' adherence to medication, and problems with health services and governmental support.
Caring for a person with mental illness affects caregivers emotionally, financially, physically, and it elicits some restrictions in their routine (daily hassles). Finally, it causes conflicts in family relationships. Despite some differences regarding perceived burden among caregivers of schizophrenia and affective disorders, a common pattern of burden could be identified. Thus, authorities should provide adequate financial, educational, and psychosocial supports for caregivers of mental illnesses.
精神疾病患者的照料者常常承受着各种各样的负担。尽管许多研究总体上证实了精神病患者家庭照料者存在负担，但从照料者主观推理的角度来看，关于具体日常麻烦和生存痛苦的具体知识却很缺乏。此外，几乎没有证据表明情感障碍和精神分裂症对负担质量可能产生不同影响；文化传统和外行信念的作用方面也是如此。
本研究的目的是探索精神分裂症和情感障碍患者照料者所经历的具体负担。
通过对45名精神分裂症和情感障碍患者的照料者进行半结构化访谈开展了一项定性研究。采用定性内容分析法对数据进行分析。
访谈产生了11个困扰主题，包括不确定性、意识不足、情感负担、污名与指责、经济负担、身体负担、日常限制、日常扰乱、对家人、亲属和熟人的不满、患者服药依从性问题以及卫生服务和政府支持方面的问题。
照料患有精神疾病的人会在情感、经济和身体上影响照料者，并在他们的日常生活中引发一些限制（日常麻烦）。最后，这会导致家庭关系中的冲突。尽管精神分裂症和情感障碍患者照料者在感知到的负担方面存在一些差异，但仍可识别出一种共同的负担模式。因此，当局应为精神疾病患者的照料者提供充足的经济、教育和心理社会支持。
