Laganà A S, Santoro G, Triolo O, Giacobbe V, Certo R, Palmara V
Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 2015;42(5):673-8.
Struma ovarii is an uncommon type of ovarian tumor derived by germinal cells, characterized by the predominance of thyroid tissue (> 50%); 90-95% of these formations are benign and mainly affect the left ovary, while in 6% of the cases struma ovarii is bilateral. The malignant transformation is a rare condition that often occurs after 50 years. In most instances, diagnosis of malignant struma ovarii is made postoperatively during histological analysis. This tumor appears to derive by one germinal cell through loss of heterozygosity of the androgen receptor gene and of the X chromosome. Clinical symptoms comprise abdominopelvic mass, lower abdominal pain, abnormal vaginal bleeding, and ascites (the occurrence of this condition has been observed in one-third of the cases). The patients with struma ovarii generally do not manifest symptoms related to thyroid hyperfunction, reported only in 8% of the cases, and due to hyperstimulation of the thyroid by auto-antibodies. Thyroid tissue of the struma ovarii, often embedded in a teratoma, may be papillary, follicular or with mixed pattern and it can include elements of mucinous cystoadenomas, Brenner's tumor or carcinoid or melanomas cells. Here the authors report their experience with an unusual case of Hashimoto thyroiditis onset after laparoscopic removal of struma ovarii.
卵巢甲状腺肿是一种由生殖细胞衍生而来的罕见卵巢肿瘤，其特征是甲状腺组织占优势（>50%）；这些肿瘤90 - 95%为良性，主要累及左侧卵巢，6%的病例为双侧卵巢甲状腺肿。恶性转化是一种罕见情况，常发生于50岁以后。在大多数情况下，恶性卵巢甲状腺肿的诊断是在术后组织学分析时做出的。这种肿瘤似乎是由一个生殖细胞通过雄激素受体基因和X染色体的杂合性缺失而产生的。临床症状包括腹盆腔肿块、下腹部疼痛、异常阴道出血和腹水（三分之一的病例观察到这种情况）。卵巢甲状腺肿患者一般不表现出与甲状腺功能亢进相关的症状，仅8%的病例有报道，且是由于自身抗体对甲状腺的过度刺激所致。卵巢甲状腺肿的甲状腺组织常包埋于畸胎瘤中，可为乳头状、滤泡状或混合模式，可包括黏液性囊腺瘤、布伦纳瘤或类癌或黑色素瘤细胞成分。在此，作者报告了腹腔镜切除卵巢甲状腺肿后发生桥本甲状腺炎这一罕见病例的经验。
