Posada German, Trumbell Jill, Noblega Magaly, Plata Sandra, Peña Paola, Carbonell Olga A, Lu Ting
Purdue University.
University of New Hampshire.
Child Dev. 2016 Jan-Feb;87(1):297-311. doi: 10.1111/cdev.12454. Epub 2015 Nov 3.
This study tested whether maternal sensitivity and child security are related during early childhood and whether such an association is found in different cultural and social contexts. Mother-child dyads (N = 237) from four different countries (Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and the United States) were observed in naturalistic settings when children were between 36 and 72 months of age. Maternal and child behavior during interactions at home and in the playground were described using Q methodology. Findings reveal that across cultures, concurrent maternal sensitivity and more specific behavioral domains of maternal care (e.g., contributions to harmonious interactions and secure base support) are important for children's attachment security during early childhood. Implications for the study of attachment relationships beyond infancy and in diverse contexts are highlighted.
本研究检验了幼儿期母亲敏感性与儿童安全感之间是否存在关联，以及在不同文化和社会背景下是否能发现这种关联。当儿童处于36至72个月大时，对来自四个不同国家（哥伦比亚、墨西哥、秘鲁和美国）的237对母婴二元组在自然环境中进行了观察。运用Q方法描述了在家中和操场上互动时的母婴行为。研究结果表明，在不同文化中，同时存在的母亲敏感性以及母亲照顾的更具体行为领域（例如，对和谐互动和安全基地支持的贡献）对于幼儿期儿童的依恋安全感很重要。强调了对婴儿期以外及不同背景下依恋关系研究的启示。
