从低品位汽车破碎残渣中回收贵金属：一种回收纳米零价铜颗粒的新方法。
Recovery of precious metals from low-grade automobile shredder residue: A novel approach for the recovery of nanozero-valent copper particles.
作者信息
Singh Jiwan, Lee Byeong-Kyu
机构信息
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehkro 93, Namgu, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea; Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 139-701, Republic of Korea.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehkro 93, Namgu, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea.
出版信息
Waste Manag. 2016 Feb;48:353-365. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2015.10.019. Epub 2015 Oct 30.
The presence of precious metals (PMs) in low-grade automobile shredder residue (ASR) makes it attractive for recycling. This study investigated the leaching and recovery characteristics of two PMs (Cu and Ag) and two heavy metals (Mn and Co) from ASR. The effects of H2O2, leaching temperature, liquid to solid (L/S) ratio, and particle size on metal leaching were determined in an aqueous solution of 0.5M nitric acid. The metal leaching rate was increased with increasing nitric acid concentration, amount of H2O2, L/S ratio and temperature. The leaching kinetics was analyzed by using a second-order reaction model. In the analysis of leaching kinetics, the metal leaching data were well fitted (R(2)⩾0.99) with the second-order reaction model. The activation energy (kJ/mol) for metal leaching was 39.6 for Cu, 17.1 for Ag, 17.3 for Mn and 29.2 for Co. Metal recovery was carried out by fractional precipitation with the addition of advanced Fenton's regent. Metal recovery efficiency was increased to 99.95% for Cu, 99.8% for Mn, 90.0% for Ag and 96.46% for Co with the advanced Fenton's regent. In particular, a novel finding of the PM recovery is that Cu can also be recovered directly from the leachate of ASR in the form of zero-valent copper (ZVC) nanoparticles (NPs). Hydrometallurgical recovery of the metals from ASR using nitric acid is highly efficient.
低品位汽车 shredder 残渣（ASR）中贵金属（PMs）的存在使其具有回收利用价值。本研究调查了 ASR 中两种 PMs（Cu 和 Ag）以及两种重金属（Mn 和 Co）的浸出和回收特性。在 0.5M 硝酸水溶液中，测定了 H2O2、浸出温度、液固比（L/S）和粒径对金属浸出的影响。金属浸出率随硝酸浓度、H2O2 用量、L/S 比和温度的增加而提高。采用二级反应模型分析浸出动力学。在浸出动力学分析中，金属浸出数据与二级反应模型拟合良好（R(2)⩾0.99）。Cu 的金属浸出活化能（kJ/mol）为 39.6，Ag 为 17.1，Mn 为 17.3，Co 为 29.2。通过添加高级 Fenton 试剂进行分步沉淀来实现金属回收。使用高级 Fenton 试剂时，Cu 的金属回收效率提高到 99.95%，Mn 为 99.8%，Ag 为 90.0%，Co 为 96.46%。特别是，PM 回收的一个新发现是 Cu 也可以以零价铜（ZVC）纳米颗粒（NPs）的形式直接从 ASR 的浸出液中回收。使用硝酸从 ASR 中湿法冶金回收金属效率很高。
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