Taylor R L, Medarova Z, Briles W E
Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506
Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown MA 02129.
Poult Sci. 2016 Feb;95(2):447-57. doi: 10.3382/ps/pev331. Epub 2015 Nov 2.
Alloantigen systems are a broad group of molecules found on various cell types, including erythrocytes and lymphocytes. These alloantigens, identified via specific polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies or molecular methods, have demonstrated effects on immune responses. Erythrocyte alloantigens include the A, B, C, D, E, H, I, J, K, L, N, P, and R systems. Highly polymorphic alloantigen B has been identified as the chicken major histocompatibility complex (MHC). The other twelve systems have a variable degree of polymorphism as well as impact on immune measurements or responses against pathogens. Selection for immune characters altered allele frequencies for particular alloantigen systems. Three lymphocyte alloantigens, Bu-1, Ly-4 and Th-1 have more limited polymorphism but still influence responses against viral pathogens, Rous sarcoma virus and Marek's disease. Together, these erythrocyte and lymphocyte systems contribute to the overall immunity. Identification of the specific alloantigen proteins remains crucial to understanding their immune contribution.
同种异体抗原系统是一类广泛存在于包括红细胞和淋巴细胞在内的各种细胞类型上的分子。这些通过特定的多克隆或单克隆抗体或分子方法鉴定出的同种异体抗原，已显示出对免疫反应的影响。红细胞同种异体抗原包括A、B、C、D、E、H、I、J、K、L、N、P和R系统。高度多态的同种异体抗原B已被确定为鸡的主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）。其他十二个系统也具有不同程度的多态性，并对免疫测量或针对病原体的反应产生影响。对免疫特性的选择改变了特定同种异体抗原系统的等位基因频率。三种淋巴细胞同种异体抗原，即Bu-1、Ly-4和Th-1，具有更有限的多态性，但仍影响对病毒病原体、劳氏肉瘤病毒和马立克氏病的反应。这些红细胞和淋巴细胞系统共同作用，对整体免疫发挥作用。确定特定的同种异体抗原蛋白对于理解它们的免疫作用仍然至关重要。
