Li Zhijun, Yao Yan, Yu Yaqin, Shi Jieping, Liu Yawen, Tao Yuchun, Kou Changgui, Zhang Huiping, Han Weiqing, Yin Yutian, Jiang Lingling, Li Bo
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Oct 30;12(11):13970-80. doi: 10.3390/ijerph121113970.
The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated socio-demographic factors of passive smoking among women in Jilin Province, China.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2012, using a self-reported questionnaire interview. A representative sample of 9788 non-smoking women aged 18-79 years was collected in Jilin Province of China by a multistage stratified random cluster sampling design. Descriptive data analysis and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of prevalence/frequency were conducted. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to examine the associated socio-demographic factors of passive smoking.
The overall prevalence of passive smoking among non-smoking women in Jilin Province was 60.6% (95% CI: 59.3-61.8), 58.3% (95% CI: 56.7-59.9) from urban areas, and 63.4% (95% CI: 61.6-65.3) from rural areas. Twenty-six percent (95% CI: 24.9-27.1) of the non-smoking women reported daily passive smoking, of which 42.9% (95% CI: 41.6-44.1) reported passive smoking at home, and 5.1% (95% CI: 4.5-5.7) reported passive smoking in restaurants. Women in urban areas were less likely to be passive smokers than those in rural ones (OR-Odds Ratio: 0.825, 95% CI: 0.729-0.935), elderly women were less likely to be passive smokers than younger women (55-64 years OR: 0.481, 95% CI: 0.342-0.674; 65-79 years OR: 0.351, 95% CI: 0.241-0.511). Seperated/divorced women were less likely to be passive smokers (OR: 0.701, 95% CI: 0.500-0.982), and widowed women (OR: 0.564, 95%CI: 0.440-0.722), as the married were the reference group. Retired women second-hand smoked due to environmental causes significantly less than manual workers (OR: 0.810, 95% CI: 0.708-0.928). Women with a monthly family income of more than 5000 RMB were less likely to be passive smokers than those with an income less than 500 RMB (OR: 0.615, 95% CI: 0.432-0.876).
The prevalence of passive smoking is lower than that reported in 2010 Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) China, but passive smoking is still prevalent and has been an acute public health problem among non-smoking women in Jilin Province, China. Our findings suggest an urgent need for tobacco control and the efforts of public health should be both comprehensive and focus on high-risk populations in Jilin Province, China.
本研究旨在调查中国吉林省女性被动吸烟的患病率及其相关的社会人口学因素。
2012年采用自填式问卷调查进行了一项横断面研究。通过多阶段分层随机整群抽样设计，在中国吉林省收集了9788名年龄在18 - 79岁的非吸烟女性的代表性样本。进行了描述性数据分析以及患病率/频率的95%置信区间（CI）分析。使用多变量逻辑回归来检验被动吸烟的相关社会人口学因素。
吉林省非吸烟女性中被动吸烟的总体患病率为60.6%（95%CI：59.3 - 61.8），城市地区为58.3%（95%CI：56.7 - 59.9），农村地区为63.4%（95%CI：61.6 - 65.3）。26%（95%CI：24.9 - 27.1）的非吸烟女性报告每天有被动吸烟，其中42.9%（95%CI：41.6 - 44.1）报告在家中有被动吸烟，5.1%（95%CI：4.5 - 5.7）报告在餐馆有被动吸烟。城市地区的女性比农村地区的女性成为被动吸烟者的可能性更小（比值比 - OR：0.825，95%CI：0.729 - 0.935），老年女性比年轻女性成为被动吸烟者的可能性更小（55 - 64岁OR：0.481，95%CI：0.342 - 0.674；65 - 79岁OR：0.351，95%CI：0.241 - 0.511）。分居/离婚女性成为被动吸烟者的可能性较小（OR：0.701，95%CI：0.500 - 0.982），丧偶女性（OR：0.564，95%CI：0.440 - 0.722），以已婚女性作为参照组。退休女性因环境原因遭受二手烟的情况明显少于体力劳动者（OR：0.810，95%CI：0.708 - 0.928）。家庭月收入超过5000元的女性比收入低于500元的女性成为被动吸烟者的可能性更小（OR：0.615，95%CI：0.432 - 0.876）。
被动吸烟的患病率低于2010年全球成人烟草调查（GATS）中国报告的患病率，但被动吸烟仍然普遍存在，并且已成为中国吉林省非吸烟女性中一个严重的公共卫生问题。我们的研究结果表明迫切需要进行烟草控制，中国吉林省的公共卫生工作应全面且聚焦于高危人群。
