Uday Uma Shankar Prasad, Choudhury Payel, Bandyopadhyay Tarun Kanti, Bhunia Biswanath
Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Agartala 799046, India.
Department of Integrated Energy studies, National Institute of Technology, Agartala 799046, India.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2016 Jan;82:1041-54. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.10.086. Epub 2015 Nov 1.
Xylanases are classified under glycoside hydrolase families which represent one of the largest groups of commercial enzymes. Depolymerizing xylan molecules into monomeric pentose units involves the synergistic action of mainly two key enzymes which are endo-β-xylanase and β-xylosidase. Xylanases are different with respect to their mode of action, substrate specificities, biochemical properties, 3D structure and are widely produced by a spectrum of bacteria and fungi. Currently, large scale production of xylanase can be produced through the application of genetic engineering tool which allow fast identification of novel xylanase genes and their genetic variations makes it an ideal enzymes. Due to depletion of fossil fuel, there is urgent need to find out environment friendly and sustainable energy sources. Therefore, utilisation of cheap lignocellulosic materials along with proper optimisation of process is most important for cost efficient ethanol production. Among, various types of lignocellulosic substances, water hyacinth, a noxious aquatic weed, has been found in many tropical. Therefore, the technological development for biofuel production from water hyacinth is becoming commercially worthwhile. In this review, the classification and mode of action of xylanase including genetic regulation and strategy for robust xylanase production have been critically discussed from recent reports. In addition various strategies for cost effective biofuel production from water hyacinth including chimeric proteins design has also been critically evaluated.
木聚糖酶归类于糖苷水解酶家族，该家族是最大的商业酶类群体之一。将木聚糖分子解聚为单体戊糖单元主要涉及两种关键酶的协同作用，即内切-β-木聚糖酶和β-木糖苷酶。木聚糖酶在作用方式、底物特异性、生化特性、三维结构方面存在差异，并且广泛由多种细菌和真菌产生。目前，通过应用基因工程工具可以大规模生产木聚糖酶，该工具能够快速鉴定新的木聚糖酶基因及其遗传变异，使其成为理想的酶。由于化石燃料的枯竭，迫切需要寻找环境友好且可持续的能源。因此，利用廉价的木质纤维素材料并对工艺进行适当优化对于经济高效地生产乙醇至关重要。在各种类型的木质纤维素物质中，水葫芦这种有害的水生杂草在许多热带地区都有发现。因此，从水葫芦生产生物燃料的技术开发正变得具有商业价值。在本综述中，我们根据近期报告对木聚糖酶的分类和作用方式，包括基因调控和高效生产木聚糖酶的策略进行了批判性讨论。此外，还对从水葫芦生产具有成本效益的生物燃料的各种策略，包括嵌合蛋白设计进行了批判性评估。
