Mainprize T C, Drutz H P
Gynecological Urology and Urodynamic Investigative Unit, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1989 Apr;160(4):1013-6. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(89)90327-x.
The practical value of ultrasonography as a rapid means to accurately determine total bladder volumes and residual urine volume was assessed. Transverse and sagittal bladder diameters were measured with real-time ultrasonography in 50 women: (1) before uroflowmetry, (2) before supine-postvoiding catheterization, (3) before standing catheterization, and (4) after standing catheterization. Calculated bladder volumes, by use of the measured diameters, for each of eight formulas from the literature were compared with their corresponding measured total urine volume, total residual volume, and standing residual volume. The lower limit of ultrasonographic visualization of urine in the bladder was approximately 42 ml. No correlation existed between calculated ultrasound bladder volumes and measured urine volumes for any of the eight formulas. Standing residual volumes were measured in 96% of cases. Ultrasonography cannot as yet rapidly measure bladder volumes accurately. Catheterization remains the best method of assessing postvoid residuals: supine measurements, the gold standard, should be augmented by standing measurements when more accurate volumes are required.
评估了超声检查作为一种快速准确测定膀胱总体积和残余尿量的实用价值。对50名女性进行实时超声检查，测量膀胱的横径和矢状径：（1）在尿流率测定前；（2）在仰卧位排尿后导尿前；（3）在站立位导尿前；（4）在站立位导尿后。根据测量的直径，使用文献中的八个公式计算膀胱体积，并将其与相应测量的总尿量、总残余尿量和站立位残余尿量进行比较。膀胱内尿液超声检查可视化的下限约为42毫升。对于八个公式中的任何一个，计算出的超声膀胱体积与测量的尿量之间均无相关性。96%的病例测量了站立位残余尿量。超声检查目前尚不能快速准确地测量膀胱体积。导尿仍然是评估排尿后残余尿量的最佳方法：仰卧位测量是金标准，在需要更准确的尿量时，应通过站立位测量加以补充。
