Moore Lee J, Wilson Mark R, Waine Elizabeth, McGrath John S, Masters Rich S W, Vine Samuel J
School of Sport and Exercise, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Gloucestershire, Oxstalls Campus, Gloucester, UK.
Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, Devon, EX1 2LU, UK.
J Robot Surg. 2015 Dec;9(4):277-84. doi: 10.1007/s11701-015-0527-y. Epub 2015 Aug 2.
While the benefits of robotic surgery for the patient have been relatively well established, little is known about the benefits for the surgeon. This study examined whether the advantages of robotically assisted laparoscopy (improved dexterity, a 3-dimensional view, reduction in tremors, etc.) enable the surgeon to better deal with stressful tasks. Subjective and objective (i.e. cardiovascular) responses to stress were assessed while surgeons performed on either a robotic or conventional laparoscopic system. Thirty-two surgeons were assigned to perform a surgical task on either a robotic system or a laparoscopic system, under three stress conditions. The surgeons completed self-report measures of stress before each condition. Furthermore, the surgeons' cardiovascular responses to stress were recorded prior to each condition. Finally, task performance was recorded throughout each condition. While both groups reported experiencing similar levels of stress, compared to the laparoscopic group, the robotic group displayed a more adaptive cardiovascular response to the stress conditions, reflecting a challenge state (i.e. higher blood flow and lower vascular resistance). Furthermore, despite no differences in completion time, the robotic group performed the tasks more accurately than the laparoscopic group across the stress conditions. These results highlight the benefits of using robotic technology during stressful situations. Specifically, the results show that stressful tasks can be performed more accurately with a robotic platform, and that surgeons' cardiovascular responses to stress are more favourable. Importantly, the 'challenge' cardiovascular response to stress displayed when using the robotic system has been associated with more positive long-term health outcomes in domains where stress is commonly experienced (e.g. lower cardiovascular disease risk).
虽然机器人手术对患者的益处已相对明确，但对于外科医生的益处却知之甚少。本研究探讨了机器人辅助腹腔镜手术的优势（如灵活性提高、三维视野、震颤减少等）是否能使外科医生更好地应对压力任务。在外科医生使用机器人或传统腹腔镜系统进行手术时，评估了他们对压力的主观和客观（即心血管方面）反应。32名外科医生被分配在三种压力条件下，分别在机器人系统或腹腔镜系统上执行一项手术任务。外科医生在每种条件之前完成压力的自我报告测量。此外，在每种条件之前记录外科医生对压力的心血管反应。最后，在每种条件下全程记录任务表现。虽然两组报告的压力水平相似，但与腹腔镜组相比，机器人组对压力条件表现出更具适应性的心血管反应，反映出一种挑战状态（即更高的血流量和更低的血管阻力）。此外，尽管完成时间没有差异，但在各种压力条件下，机器人组执行任务比腹腔镜组更准确。这些结果凸显了在压力情况下使用机器人技术的益处。具体而言，结果表明，使用机器人平台可以更准确地执行压力任务，并且外科医生对压力的心血管反应更有利。重要的是，使用机器人系统时对压力表现出的“挑战”心血管反应与在常见压力领域（如较低的心血管疾病风险）中更积极的长期健康结果相关。
