Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wayne State University, Taylor, Michigan, USA.
Orthop J Sports Med. 2013 Dec 27;1(7):2325967113517860. doi: 10.1177/2325967113517860. eCollection 2013 Dec.
Youth football programs across the United States represent an at-risk population of approximately 3.5 million athletes for sports-related concussions. The frequency of concussions in this population is not known.
Descriptive epidemiology study.
Over an 11-year span from January 2002 to December 2012, the authors reviewed the concussions sustained by athletes aged 5 to 13 years while playing football, as evaluated in emergency departments (EDs) in the United States and captured by the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database of the US Consumer Product Safety Commission.
There were 2028 (national estimate, 49,185) young football players evaluated in NEISS EDs with concussion from 2002 to 2012. There were 1987 (97.9%) males and 41 (2.1%) females, with a mean age of 11.2 years. The total number of concussions reported increased with age and by year. The majority of concussions were treated in the outpatient setting, with 1878 (91.7%) being treated and released. The total number of head-to-head injury mechanisms mirrored the total number of concussions by year, which increased throughout the 11-year span. The total number of players experiencing a loss of consciousness increased throughout the study period but did not match the total number of concussions over the 11-year time period. Fractures occurred in 11 (0.5%) patients, with 2 being severe (1 skull fracture and 1 thoracic compression fracture).
Within the 5- to 13-year age range, there were a significant number of young athletes who presented to EDs with concussion as a result of playing organized football. Older children may be at greater risk for sustaining concussions, fractures, and catastrophic injuries while playing football when compared with younger children.
Younger children are more susceptible to long-term sequelae from head injuries, and thus, improved monitoring systems for these athletes are needed to assist in monitoring patterns of injury, identifying risk factors, and driving the development of evidence-based prevention programs.
美国各地的青少年足球项目代表了大约 350 万从事与运动相关的脑震荡风险运动员。目前尚不清楚该人群中脑震荡的发生频率。
描述性流行病学研究。
在 2002 年 1 月至 2012 年 12 月的 11 年期间，作者回顾了在美国的急诊室（ED）评估的 5 至 13 岁年龄段的运动员因足球比赛而遭受的脑震荡，并由美国消费品安全委员会的国家电子伤害监测系统（NEISS）数据库捕获。
2002 年至 2012 年，有 2028 名（全国估计值为 49185 名）年轻足球运动员在 NEISS ED 中因脑震荡接受评估。其中 1987 名（97.9%）为男性，41 名（2.1%）为女性，平均年龄为 11.2 岁。报告的脑震荡总数随年龄和年份而增加。大多数脑震荡在门诊接受治疗，1878 名（91.7%）患者接受治疗后出院。每年发生的头部对头部损伤机制与脑震荡总数相匹配，整个 11 年期间都在增加。在整个研究期间，经历意识丧失的运动员总数有所增加，但与 11 年期间的脑震荡总数不匹配。11 名（0.5%）患者发生骨折，其中 2 名严重（1 例颅骨骨折和 1 例胸椎压缩性骨折）。
在 5 至 13 岁年龄段，有相当数量的年轻运动员因参加有组织的足球比赛而导致脑震荡到急诊室就诊。与年幼的孩子相比，年龄较大的孩子在踢足球时可能面临更大的脑震荡、骨折和灾难性伤害风险。
年幼的孩子更容易受到头部受伤的长期影响，因此需要为这些运动员建立更好的监测系统，以帮助监测受伤模式、确定风险因素并推动制定基于证据的预防计划。
