Hadimioglu Babur, Stearns Richard, Ellson Richard
Labcyte Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA.
Labcyte Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA
J Lab Autom. 2016 Feb;21(1):4-18. doi: 10.1177/2211068215615096. Epub 2015 Nov 4.
Liquid handling instruments for life science applications based on droplet formation with focused acoustic energy or acoustic droplet ejection (ADE) were introduced commercially more than a decade ago. While the idea of "moving liquids with sound" was known in the 20th century, the development of precise methods for acoustic dispensing to aliquot life science materials in the laboratory began in earnest in the 21st century with the adaptation of the controlled "drop on demand" acoustic transfer of droplets from high-density microplates for high-throughput screening (HTS) applications. Robust ADE implementations for life science applications achieve excellent accuracy and precision by using acoustics first to sense the liquid characteristics relevant for its transfer, and then to actuate transfer of the liquid with customized application of sound energy to the given well and well fluid in the microplate. This article provides an overview of the physics behind ADE and its central role in both acoustical and rheological aspects of robust implementation of ADE in the life science laboratory and its broad range of ejectable materials.
基于聚焦声能形成液滴或声控液滴喷射（ADE）的生命科学应用液体处理仪器在十多年前就已商业化推出。虽然“用声音移动液体”的想法在20世纪就已为人所知，但21世纪随着用于高通量筛选（HTS）应用的高密度微孔板中液滴的受控“按需滴加”声转移技术的应用，实验室中用于精确分配生命科学材料的声学分配方法才真正开始发展。用于生命科学应用的强大ADE技术通过首先利用声学来感知与其转移相关的液体特性，然后通过向微孔板中的给定孔和孔内液体定制施加声能来驱动液体转移，从而实现了出色的准确性和精度。本文概述了ADE背后的物理原理及其在生命科学实验室中稳健实施ADE的声学和流变学方面的核心作用，以及其广泛的可喷射材料。
