Goswami Geeta, Singh Sarabjeet, Devi M Gouri
Department of Reproductive Medicine, Ridge IVF Private Limited, Delhi, India.
J Hum Reprod Sci. 2015 Jul-Sep;8(3):175-7. doi: 10.4103/0974-1208.165147.
Spermatids are the earliest male germ cells with haploid set of chromosomes. Spermatid injection was introduced in human assisted reproduction for the treatment of men with non-obstructive azoospermia. Spermatozoa can be recovered in half of patients with nonobstructive azoospermia. The use of spermatids for intracytoplasmic injection (ICSI) has been proposed for cases in which no spermatozoa can be retrieved. However, there are low pregnancy rates following ICSI using round spermatids from men with no elongated spermatids or spermatozoa in their testes. The in vitro culture of immature germ cells has been proposed as a means to improve this poor outcome. Oocyte activation rarely occurs when injected with a spermatid. Therefore, spermatid injection requires use of calcium ionophores for oocyte activation which is otherwise carried out by PLC zeta from mature sperms. This is the only option available for the nonobstructive azoospermic patients to have their own biological child.
精子细胞是最早具有单倍体染色体组的雄性生殖细胞。精子细胞注射被引入人类辅助生殖技术，用于治疗非梗阻性无精子症男性。在一半的非梗阻性无精子症患者中可以获取精子。对于无法获取精子的病例，有人提出使用精子细胞进行胞浆内注射（ICSI）。然而，对于睾丸中没有长形精子细胞或精子的男性，使用圆形精子细胞进行ICSI后的妊娠率较低。有人提出对未成熟生殖细胞进行体外培养，以改善这种不良结果。当用精子细胞注射时，卵母细胞很少发生激活。因此，精子细胞注射需要使用钙离子载体来激活卵母细胞，而这一过程在正常情况下是由成熟精子中的磷脂酶Cζ来完成的。这是非梗阻性无精子症患者拥有自己亲生孩子的唯一选择。
