Markeviciute Greta, Narbutaite Julija
Snipiskes Medical Center, Vilnius Lithuania.
Clinic for Preventive and Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas Lithuania.
J Oral Maxillofac Res. 2015 Jun 30;6(3):e2. doi: 10.5037/jomr.2015.6302. eCollection 2015 Jul-Sep.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a motivation and practical skills development methods on the oral hygiene of orphans.
Sixty eight orphans aged between 7 and 17 years from two orphanages in Kaunas were divided into two groups: practical application group and motivation group. Children were clinically examined by determining their oral hygiene status using Silness-Löe plaque index. Questionnaire was used to estimate the oral hygiene knowledge and practices at baseline and after 3 months. Statistical analysis included: Chi-square test (χ(2)), Fisher's exact test, Student's t-test, nonparametric Mann-Whitney test, Spearman's rho correlation coefficient and Kappa coefficient.
All children had a plaque on at least one tooth in both groups: motivation 1.14 (SD 0.51), practical application 1.08 (SD 0.4) (P = 0.58). Girls in both groups showed significantly better oral hygiene than boys (P < 0.001). After 3 months educational program oral hygiene status improved in both groups significantly 0.4 (SD 0.35) (P < 0.001). Significantly better oral hygiene was determined in practical application group 0.19 (SD 0.27) in comparison with motivation group 0.55 (SD 0.32) (P < 0.001). By comparing results of first and second questionnaire surveys on use of soft drinks, the statistically significant decline of their use was in both groups (P = 0.004).
Educational programs are effective in improving oral hygiene, especially when they're based on practical skills training.
本研究旨在评估动机与实践技能培养方法对孤儿口腔卫生的影响。
从考纳斯的两家孤儿院选取68名7至17岁的孤儿，分为两组：实践应用组和动机组。通过使用希尔尼斯 - 勒氏菌斑指数确定口腔卫生状况对儿童进行临床检查。采用问卷调查在基线和3个月后评估口腔卫生知识和实践情况。统计分析包括：卡方检验（χ(2)）、费舍尔精确检验、学生t检验、非参数曼 - 惠特尼检验、斯皮尔曼等级相关系数和卡帕系数。
两组所有儿童至少一颗牙齿上都有菌斑：动机组为1.14（标准差0.51），实践应用组为1.08（标准差0.4）（P = 0.58）。两组女孩的口腔卫生状况均显著优于男孩（P < 0.001）。3个月的教育项目后，两组的口腔卫生状况均显著改善0.4（标准差0.35）（P < 0.001）。与动机组的0.55（标准差0.32）相比，实践应用组的口腔卫生状况显著更好，为0.19（标准差0.27）（P < 0.001）。通过比较关于软饮料使用的第一次和第二次问卷调查结果，两组中软饮料的使用均有统计学意义的下降（P = 0.004）。
教育项目在改善口腔卫生方面有效，尤其是基于实践技能培训的项目。
