职业医师应对药物滥用的方法：影响因素的定性研究
The Approach Taken to Substance Abuse by Occupational Physicians: A Qualitative Study on Influencing Factors.
作者信息
Lambrechts Marie-Claire, Ketterer Frédéric, Symons Linda, Mairiaux Philippe, Peremans Lieve, Remmen Roy, Vanmeerbeek Marc, Godderis Lode
机构信息
Centre for Environment and Health (Ms Lambrechts, Dr Godderis), KU Leuven, University of Leuven; Association for Alcohol and Other Drug Problems (Ms Lambrechts), VAD, Brussels; Department of General Practice/Family Medicine (Dr Ketterer, Dr Vanmeerbeek), University of Liege; Department of Primary and Interdisciplinary Care (Ms Symons, Dr Peremans, Dr Remmen), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk; Department of Public Health Sciences (Dr Mairiaux), University of Liege; Department of Public Health (Dr Peremans), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels; Department of Nursing and Midwifery (Dr Peremans), University of Antwerp, Wilrijk; and IDEWE (Dr Godderis), External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, Heverlee, Belgium.
出版信息
J Occup Environ Med. 2015 Nov;57(11):1228-35. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000549.
OBJECTIVE
Aiming to enhance occupational physicians' (OPs) practice when dealing with employee substance abuse, this study analyzes the experiences of OPs to gain insight into the factors influencing their behavior.
METHODS
Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.
RESULTS
OPs act differently depending on the type of drug. Their approach was mainly determined by contextual factors and by their attitudes and skills. Many OPs want to invest in health promotion. Barriers such as lack of time and focus on periodic examinations often hamper both adequate prevention and the management of workers with substance abuse.
CONCLUSIONS
The approach to substance abuse by OPs could be supported by initiatives both at the individual and the collective level. A facilitating work context seems to be particularly important in their commitment to alcohol- and drug-related issues at work.
目的
为提高职业医师在处理员工药物滥用问题时的实践能力，本研究分析了职业医师的经验，以深入了解影响其行为的因素。
方法
采用半结构化访谈，并运用解释现象学分析方法进行分析。
结果
职业医师根据药物类型采取不同行动。他们的方法主要由情境因素以及他们的态度和技能决定。许多职业医师希望投资于健康促进。诸如时间不足和专注于定期检查等障碍常常阻碍充分的预防以及对药物滥用员工的管理。
结论
职业医师对药物滥用的处理方法可通过个人和集体层面的举措得到支持。在他们处理工作中与酒精和药物相关问题时，有利的工作环境似乎尤为重要。
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