Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Trends Cell Biol. 2016 Feb;26(2):121-134. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2015.10.001. Epub 2015 Nov 2.
The proper spatial arrangement of organelles underlies many cellular processes including signaling, polarization, and growth. Despite the importance of local positioning, the precise connection between subcellular localization and organelle function is often not fully understood. To address this, recent studies have developed and employed different strategies to directly manipulate organelle distributions, such as the use of (light-sensitive) heterodimerization to control the interaction between selected organelles and specific motor proteins, adaptor molecules, or anchoring factors. We review here the importance of subcellular localization as well as tools to control local organelle positioning. Because these approaches allow spatiotemporal control of organelle distribution, they will be invaluable tools to unravel local functioning and the mechanisms that control positioning.
细胞器的适当空间排列是许多细胞过程的基础，包括信号转导、极化和生长。尽管局部定位很重要，但细胞器的亚细胞定位与功能之间的确切联系通常还不完全清楚。为了解决这个问题，最近的研究已经开发并采用了不同的策略来直接操纵细胞器的分布，例如使用（光敏感）异二聚化来控制选定细胞器与特定的马达蛋白、衔接分子或锚定因子之间的相互作用。在这里，我们回顾了亚细胞定位的重要性以及控制局部细胞器定位的工具。由于这些方法允许细胞器分布的时空控制，因此它们将是解开局部功能和控制定位机制的宝贵工具。
