Hurtado Suzanne L, Simon-Arndt Cynthia M, McAnany Jennifer, Crain Jenny A
Health and Behavioral Sciences, Naval Health Research Center, 140 Sylvester Road, San Diego, CA 92106-3521 USA.
Springerplus. 2015 Oct 13;4:606. doi: 10.1186/s40064-015-1402-z. eCollection 2015.
The purpose of this paper is to report on the development of a mental health stigma reduction toolkit and training, and the acceptability and level of stigma awareness following the stigma-reduction training for military personnel. The overall aims of the training were to provide discussion tools highlighting the experiences of Marines seeking help for stress concerns, improve communication between leaders and their Marines around the issue of help seeking, and familiarize Marines with behavioral health treatment. Senior enlisted leaders and officers (N = 52) from a Marine Corps battalion participated in a pretest, 2-h stigma-reduction training and immediate posttest. Acceptability of the training was measured by querying participants about the usefulness and helpfulness of the training among other factors, and stigma awareness was measured with 10 items about mental health stigma. The stigma-reduction training and materials were well accepted by participants. In addition, there was a significant improvement in four of ten stigma-reduction awareness concepts measured before and immediately after the training, which included an increase in agreement that mental health treatments are usually effective in reducing stress reactions [t(51) = -3.35, p = 0.002], and an increase in disagreement that seeking counseling after a deployment will jeopardize future deployments [t(51) = -3.05, p = 0.004]. Level of agreement with several statements including those regarding perceptions of invincibility, and malingering, among others, did not change significantly after the training. The stigma-reduction training containing educational and contact strategies was highly acceptable to the leaders and may have promise for initially dispelling myths associated with seeking help for stress concerns among military service members; however, results indicate that there is clearly more work to be done in combatting stigma.
本文旨在报告一个减少心理健康污名化的工具包及培训的开发情况，以及军事人员接受减少污名化培训后的可接受性和污名意识水平。培训的总体目标是提供讨论工具，突出海军陆战队队员为压力问题寻求帮助的经历，改善领导者与队员之间围绕寻求帮助问题的沟通，并使队员熟悉行为健康治疗。来自一个海军陆战队营的高级士官和军官（N = 52）参加了预测试、为期2小时的减少污名化培训及即时后测。通过询问参与者培训的有用性及其他因素来衡量培训的可接受性，并用10个关于心理健康污名的项目来衡量污名意识。减少污名化培训及材料受到了参与者的广泛接受。此外，培训前后所测量的10个减少污名化意识概念中有4个有显著改善，其中包括更多人认同心理健康治疗通常能有效减轻压力反应[t(51) = -3.35, p = 0.002]，以及更多人不认为部署后寻求咨询会危及未来部署[t(51) = -3.05, p = 0.004]。包括那些关于无敌观念和装病等的几项陈述的认同程度在培训后没有显著变化。包含教育和接触策略的减少污名化培训受到领导者的高度认可，可能有望初步消除与军事人员为压力问题寻求帮助相关的误解；然而，结果表明在消除污名方面显然还有更多工作要做。
