Mills Stephen C
Gen Dent. 2015 Nov-Dec;63(6):35-40.
High school athletes seem particularly predisposed to dental injury, but athletic mouthguards have an excellent track record of success in reducing the severity and incidence of dental injuries in sports. Therefore, it has been suggested that mouthguards be made mandatory for high school athletes who participate in sports with risk of injury. The National Federation of State High School Associations currently recommends that mouthguards be mandated for high school football, lacrosse, ice hockey, and field hockey players as well as for wrestlers who are wearing orthodontic appliances. Different states have tried to mandate additional sports with varying degrees of success. This article summarizes the process that leads to rule changes for high school athletes at the national level and discusses the history of 4 states--Minnesota, Maine, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts--that have tried to mandate mouthguards for different sports. Common complaints that lead to the cessation of mouthguard rules, such as speech considerations, breathing ability, and cleanliness, are discussed.
高中运动员似乎特别容易受到牙齿损伤，但运动护齿器在降低运动中牙齿损伤的严重程度和发生率方面有着出色的成功记录。因此，有人建议对参加有受伤风险运动的高中运动员强制使用护齿器。全国州高中协会联合会目前建议，高中橄榄球、长曲棍球、冰球和曲棍球运动员以及佩戴正畸矫治器的摔跤运动员必须使用护齿器。不同的州曾试图强制在更多运动中使用护齿器，但取得的成功程度各不相同。本文总结了在国家层面导致高中运动员规则变化的过程，并讨论了明尼苏达州、缅因州、新罕布什尔州和马萨诸塞州这四个州试图在不同运动中强制使用护齿器的历史。文中还讨论了导致护齿器规则废止的常见抱怨，如对说话、呼吸能力和清洁方面的考虑。
