Hernández-Ruiz Angela, García-Villanova Belén, Guerra Hernández Eduardo J, Amiano Pilar, Azpiri Mikel, Molina-Montes Esther
Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad de Granada. Programa de Doctorado en Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos. Universidad de Granada..
Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad de Granada..
Nutr Hosp. 2015 Nov 1;32(5):1872-84. doi: 10.3305/nh.2015.32.5.9629.
diet quality indexes are tools are aimed at quantifying the compliance to a defined dietary pattern. These indexes are a combined measure of dietary factors (food groups, foods, nutrients and ratios) and/ or lifestyles factors. The Mediterranean Diet (MD) is a dietary pattern characterized by their positive effects against chronic diseases. There have been many indexes proposed for the assessment of this dietary pattern. An evaluation of their composition and health benefits is therefore convenient.
the objective is to evaluate indexes of adherence to the MD with regard to their definition, methodological issues and validation as reported in epidemiological studies.
we searched in PubMed for studies that developed MD Indexes up to October 2014.
a total number of 22 indexes were identified, with differences regarding the number of components (7-28), scoring (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8 or 10, in case of compliance), range (0-100) and type of components (which could be food groups/foods or their combination, with nutrients). Among the positive components, fruits and vegetables were the most common and meats, among the negative components. There were also differences with regard to their composition and evaluation (e.g. criteria of moderate alcohol consumption), as well as with the scoring system (in medians, terciles or established servings).
this review suggests that since there is great heterogeneity in the definition of MD. It would be therefore convenient to establish more clearly the components to be included and to establish commonly defined criteria to quantify this dietary pattern.
饮食质量指数是旨在量化对特定饮食模式依从性的工具。这些指数是饮食因素（食物类别、食物、营养素和比例）和/或生活方式因素的综合衡量指标。地中海饮食（MD）是一种以对慢性病有积极影响为特征的饮食模式。已经提出了许多用于评估这种饮食模式的指数。因此，对其组成和健康益处进行评估是很有必要的。
目的是评估关于地中海饮食依从性指数在流行病学研究中所报告的定义、方法学问题和验证情况。
我们在PubMed中搜索截至2014年10月制定地中海饮食指数的研究。
共识别出22种指数，在组成部分数量（7 - 28个）、评分（依从情况下为0、1、2、3、4、5、8或10）、范围（0 - 100）以及组成部分类型（可以是食物类别/食物或其与营养素的组合）方面存在差异。在积极组成部分中，水果和蔬菜最为常见，而肉类在消极组成部分中最为常见。在其组成和评估方面（例如适度饮酒标准）以及评分系统（中位数、三分位数或既定份数）也存在差异。
本综述表明，由于地中海饮食的定义存在很大异质性。因此，更明确地确定要纳入的组成部分并建立共同定义的标准来量化这种饮食模式将是很有必要的。
