Chita-Tegmark Meia
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, United States.
Res Dev Disabil. 2016 Jan;48:79-93. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2015.10.011. Epub 2015 Nov 6.
Determining whether social attention is reduced in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and what factors influence social attention is important to our theoretical understanding of developmental trajectories of ASD and to designing targeted interventions for ASD. This meta-analysis examines data from 38 articles that used eye-tracking methods to compare individuals with ASD and TD controls. In this paper, the impact of eight factors on the size of the effect for the difference in social attention between these two groups are evaluated: age, non-verbal IQ matching, verbal IQ matching, motion, social content, ecological validity, audio input and attention bids. Results show that individuals with ASD spend less time attending to social stimuli than typically developing (TD) controls, with a mean effect size of 0.55. Social attention in ASD was most impacted when stimuli had a high social content (showed more than one person). This meta-analysis provides an opportunity to survey the eye-tracking research on social attention in ASD and to outline potential future research directions, more specifically research of social attention in the context of stimuli with high social content.
确定自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患者的社会关注度是否降低以及哪些因素会影响社会关注度，对于我们从理论上理解ASD的发展轨迹以及设计针对ASD的靶向干预措施至关重要。这项荟萃分析研究了38篇文章的数据，这些文章使用眼动追踪方法比较了ASD患者和发育正常（TD）对照组。本文评估了八个因素对这两组在社会关注度差异上的效应量大小的影响：年龄、非言语智商匹配、言语智商匹配、运动、社会内容、生态效度、音频输入和注意力吸引。结果表明，与发育正常的对照组相比，ASD患者花费在关注社会刺激上的时间更少，平均效应量为0.55。当刺激具有较高的社会内容（显示不止一个人）时，ASD患者的社会关注度受到的影响最大。这项荟萃分析为审视关于ASD患者社会关注度的眼动追踪研究以及概述潜在的未来研究方向提供了契机，更具体地说是在具有高社会内容的刺激背景下对社会关注度的研究。
