Araki Takashi, Yokota Hiroyuki, Fuse Akira
Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School Hospital.
Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2016;56(1):1-8. doi: 10.2176/nmc.ra.2015-0231. Epub 2015 Nov 6.
Brain death (BD) is a physiological state defined as complete and irreversible loss of brain function. Organ transplantation from a patient with BD is controversial in Japan because there are two classifications of BD: legal BD in which the organs can be donated and general BD in which the organs cannot be donated. The significance of BD in the terminal phase remains in the realm of scientific debate. As indicated by the increasing number of organ transplants from brain-dead donors, certain clinical diagnosis for determining BD in adults is becoming established. However, regardless of whether or not organ transplantation is involved, there are many unresolved issues regarding BD in children. Here, we will discuss the historical background of BD determination in children, pediatric emergencies and BD, and unresolved issues related to pediatric BD.
脑死亡（BD）是一种生理状态，定义为脑功能完全且不可逆的丧失。在日本，从脑死亡患者身上进行器官移植存在争议，因为脑死亡有两种分类：可进行器官捐赠的法定脑死亡和不可进行器官捐赠的一般脑死亡。脑死亡在终末期的意义仍处于科学争论的范畴。随着来自脑死亡供体的器官移植数量不断增加，确定成人脑死亡的某些临床诊断方法正在逐步确立。然而，无论是否涉及器官移植，儿童脑死亡方面仍存在许多未解决的问题。在此，我们将讨论儿童脑死亡判定的历史背景、儿科急症与脑死亡以及与儿童脑死亡相关的未解决问题。
