Lima Adma Silva de, Pinto Karin Cristine, Bona Míryan Priscilla Santos, Mattos Suelen Mayara Lopes de, Hoffmann Marina Portiolli, Mulinari-Brenner Fabiane Andrade, Ottoboni Vanessa Cristhine Dallolmo
Private Clinic, Brusque, SC, Brazil.
Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
An Bras Dermatol. 2015 Sep-Oct;90(5):654-9. doi: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20153959.
Leprosy is an infectious disease that may lead to irreversible nerve damage, compromising patient's quality of life and leading to loss of working years.
To evaluate the epidemiological profile of patients followed at a University Hospital.
This is a retrospective observational study, based on a review of medical records. We studied the clinical and epidemiological features of patients with leprosy monitored at the Hospital de Clínicas of the Federal University of Paraná between January 2005 and January 2010.
The mean age was 47.51, while 35.94% of patients were aged 41-60. The male:female rate was 1.8:1. The most prevalent occupations were: retired, students or rural workers. Patients came mainly from Curitiba or nearby areas, but there were also patients from the countryside. The mean diagnostic delay was 24.57 months. Multibacillary forms prevailed, with the lepromatous variety being the most common, closely followed by the borderline type. Neural enlargement was found in more than 50% of the patients and 48.44% of them developed reactional states. Hemolysis was the most commonly detected drug side effect. Initial functional evaluation was possible in 70% of patients, 55% of whom had disabilities upon diagnosis. The most prevalent associated disease was hypertension.
This study showed an important diagnostic delay and a high rate of sequelae in this specific population. Brazil is one of the few remaining countries that has not yet eradicated leprosy and it is important to improve health policies in order to prevent sequelae and achieve eradication.
麻风病是一种传染病，可能导致不可逆的神经损伤，损害患者的生活质量并导致工作年限的丧失。
评估在一家大学医院接受随访的患者的流行病学概况。
这是一项基于病历回顾的回顾性观察性研究。我们研究了2005年1月至2010年1月期间在巴拉那联邦大学临床医院监测的麻风病患者的临床和流行病学特征。
平均年龄为47.51岁，35.94%的患者年龄在41 - 60岁之间。男女比例为1.8:1。最常见的职业是：退休人员、学生或农村工人。患者主要来自库里蒂巴或附近地区，但也有来自农村的患者。平均诊断延迟为24.57个月。多菌型为主，瘤型最为常见，其次是界线类。超过50%的患者发现神经增粗，其中48.44%出现反应状态。溶血是最常检测到的药物副作用。70%的患者能够进行初始功能评估，其中55%在诊断时存在残疾。最常见的伴发疾病是高血压。
本研究表明该特定人群存在重要的诊断延迟和高后遗症发生率。巴西是少数尚未根除麻风病的国家之一，改善卫生政策以预防后遗症并实现根除至关重要。
