Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro and Policlinica Geral do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janerio, Brazil.
Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2015 Dec;73(6):929-44; quiz 945-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2014.11.034.
In the 21st century, despite increased globalization through international travel for business, medical volunteerism, pleasure, and immigration/refugees into the United States, there is little published in the dermatology literature regarding the cutaneous manifestations of helminth infections. Approximately 17% of travelers seek medical care because of cutaneous disorders, many related to infectious etiologies. This review will focus on the cutaneous manifestations of helminth infections and is divided into 2 parts: part I focuses on nematode infections, and part II focuses on trematode and cestode infections. This review highlights the clinical manifestations, transmission, diagnosis, and treatment of helminth infections. Nematodes are roundworms that cause diseases with cutaneous manifestations, such as cutaneous larval migrans, onchocerciasis, filariasis, gnathostomiasis, loiasis, dracunculiasis, strongyloidiasis, ascariasis, streptocerciasis, dirofilariasis, and trichinosis. Tremadotes, also known as flukes, cause schistosomiasis, paragonimiasis, and fascioliasis. Cestodes (tapeworms) are flat, hermaphroditic parasites that cause diseases such as sparganosis, cysticercosis, and echinococcus.
在 21 世纪，尽管由于国际商务旅行、医疗志愿服务、旅游和移民/难民进入美国，全球化程度有所提高，但皮肤病学文献中关于寄生虫感染的皮肤表现却很少。大约 17%的旅行者因皮肤疾病寻求医疗，其中许多与感染性病因有关。这篇综述将重点介绍寄生虫感染的皮肤表现，分为两部分：第一部分重点介绍线虫感染，第二部分重点介绍吸虫和绦虫感染。本综述强调了寄生虫感染的临床表现、传播、诊断和治疗。线虫是引起皮肤表现的疾病的圆形蠕虫，如皮肤幼虫移行症、盘尾丝虫病、丝虫病、颚口线虫病、罗阿丝虫病、麦地那龙线虫病、旋毛虫病、蛔虫病、类圆线虫病、犬恶丝虫病和旋毛虫病。吸虫，也称为吸虫，引起血吸虫病、并殖吸虫病和片形吸虫病。绦虫（绦虫）是扁平的、雌雄同体的寄生虫，引起疾病，如裂头蚴病、囊虫病和包虫病。
