Przybylska-Gornowicz Barbara, Tarasiuk Michał, Lewczuk Bogdan, Prusik Magdalena, Ziółkowska Natalia, Zielonka Łukasz, Gajęcki Maciej, Gajęcka Magdalena
Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.
BIOMIN Polska Sp. z o.o., Grochowska 16, 04-217 Warszawa, Poland.
Toxins (Basel). 2015 Nov 11;7(11):4684-705. doi: 10.3390/toxins7114684.
Immature gilts were administered per os with zearalenone (ZEN) at 40 μg/kg BW (group Z, n = 9), deoxynivalenol (DON) at 12 μg/kg BW (group D, n = 9), a mixture of ZEN and DON (group M, n = 9) or a placebo (group C, n = 9) over a period of six weeks. The pigs were sacrificed after one, three, or six weeks of the treatment (12 pigs per each time-point). Histological investigations revealed an increase in the mucosal thickness and the crypt depth as well as a decrease in the ratio of the villus height to the crypt depth in groups D and M after six weeks of exposure to the mycotoxins. The number of goblet cells in the villus epithelium was elevated in groups Z and M after one week and in group D after three weeks. The administration of ZEN increased the lymphocyte number in the villus epithelium after 1 week and the plasma cell quantity in the lamina propria after one, three, and six weeks of the experiment. DON treatment resulted in an increase in the lymphocyte number in the villus epithelium and the lamina propria after six weeks, and in the plasma cell quantity in the lamina propria after one, three, and six weeks of exposure. In group M, lymphocyte counts in the epithelium and the lamina propria increased significantly after six weeks. Neither mycotoxin induced significant adverse changes in the ultrastructure of the mucosal epithelium and the lamina propria or in the intestinal barrier permeability. Our results indicate that immune cells are the principal target of low doses of ZEN and DON.
将未成熟的后备母猪按40μg/kg体重经口给予玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEN，Z组，n = 9）、12μg/kg体重脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON，D组，n = 9）、ZEN与DON的混合物（M组，n = 9）或安慰剂（C组，n = 9），持续六周。在治疗1周、3周或6周后处死猪（每个时间点12头猪）。组织学研究显示，在接触霉菌毒素6周后，D组和M组的黏膜厚度和隐窝深度增加，绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值降低。Z组和M组在1周后以及D组在3周后，绒毛上皮中杯状细胞数量增加。在实验1周后，给予ZEN使绒毛上皮中的淋巴细胞数量增加，在实验1周、3周和6周后，固有层中的浆细胞数量增加。给予DON在6周后使绒毛上皮和固有层中的淋巴细胞数量增加，在接触1周、3周和6周后，固有层中的浆细胞数量增加。在M组中，6周后上皮和固有层中的淋巴细胞计数显著增加。两种霉菌毒素均未引起黏膜上皮和固有层超微结构或肠道屏障通透性的显著不良变化。我们的结果表明，免疫细胞是低剂量ZEN和DON的主要靶标。
