Clarke D, Dix E, Liddy S, Gormally M, Byrne M
Applied Ecology Unit, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
School of Physics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Med Vet Entomol. 2016 Mar;30(1):21-30. doi: 10.1111/mve.12147. Epub 2015 Nov 17.
Allergenic mites are responsible for inducing hypersensitive reactions in genetically predisposed people worldwide. Mites in dust from 30 Irish homes with pets (dogs, n = 23; cats, n = 7) were compared with those in 30 homes without pets. House dust mites constituted 78% of all mites recorded, with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Acariformes: Pyroglyphidae) representing 57-72% of mites in furniture and mattresses in both home types compared with only 22% of mites in pet beds. Although storage mites accounted for just 13% of all mites recorded, they represented 46% of mites recorded in pet beds. Median levels of the dust mite allergen Der p 1 (µg/g) in dust samples from mattresses in homes without pets were significantly greater than in mattresses from homes with pets, reflecting the greater densities of D. pteronyssinus found in the former home category. Mite species richness was greater in homes with pets (17 species) than in homes without pets (13 species). This suggests that although the presence of pets can result in a wider variety of epidemiologically important mite species within households, increased competition among mite species may result in a more balanced mite fauna in the home, inhibiting the dominance of any one species and hence lowering allergen-associated risks.
变应原性螨类会在全球范围内诱发具有遗传易感性人群的过敏反应。对30个有宠物（狗，n = 23；猫，n = 7）的爱尔兰家庭和30个无宠物家庭的灰尘中的螨类进行了比较。屋尘螨占记录到的所有螨类的78%，在两种类型家庭的家具和床垫中，粉尘螨（蛛形纲：尘螨科）占螨类的57 - 72%，而在宠物床上仅占22%。尽管仓储螨仅占记录到的所有螨类的13%，但它们在宠物床上记录到的螨类中占46%。无宠物家庭床垫灰尘样本中尘螨变应原Der p 1（μg/g）的中位数水平显著高于有宠物家庭的床垫，这反映出在前一类家庭中发现的粉尘螨密度更高。有宠物家庭（17种）的螨类物种丰富度高于无宠物家庭（13种）。这表明，尽管宠物的存在可能导致家庭中出现更多具有重要流行病学意义的螨类物种，但螨类物种之间竞争的增加可能会使家庭中的螨类群落更加平衡；抑制任何一个物种的优势地位，从而降低与变应原相关的风险。
