Muscat Mark, Ben Mamou Myriam, Shefer Abigail, Jankovic Dragan, Deshevoy Sergei, Butler Robb
Rev Esp Salud Publica. 2015 Jul-Aug;89(4):345-51. doi: 10.4321/S1135-57272015000400002.
The long-standing and widespread use of vaccines against measles has resulted in a dramatic decline in cases and measles mortality worldwide compared with the pre-vaccination era.All regions of the World Health Organization (WHO) have measles elimination goals and the WHO regions of the Americas, Europe and Western Pacific also have rubella elimination goals. This article aims to report on progress toward elimination of measles and rubella in the WHO European Region based on the latest available data. We also discuss current challenges and actions needed to reach this goal in the Region. Despite substantial progress made towards controlling measles and rubella, the countries of the WHO European Region continue to face challenges in interrupting endemic transmission of these diseases. Widespread outbreaks and endemic transmission of measles and rubella persisted in some countries of the Region in 2014 and have continued in 2015. Interrupting endemic transmission in each and every country is necessary to declare elimination for the entire Region. High population immunity and high-quality surveillance are the cornerstones to eliminate measles and rubella. In the absence of sustained political commitment and implementation of the required strategies by all countries, the goal of eliminating these diseases in the WHO European Region is at stake.
与疫苗接种前的时代相比,长期广泛使用麻疹疫苗已使全球范围内的麻疹病例数和麻疹死亡率大幅下降。世界卫生组织(WHO)的所有区域都制定了消除麻疹的目标,并且WHO的美洲、欧洲和西太平洋区域还制定了消除风疹的目标。本文旨在根据最新可得数据报告WHO欧洲区域在消除麻疹和风疹方面取得的进展。我们还将讨论该区域实现这一目标所需应对的当前挑战和采取的行动。尽管在控制麻疹和风疹方面取得了重大进展,但WHO欧洲区域各国在阻断这些疾病的地方性传播方面仍面临挑战。2014年该区域一些国家持续出现麻疹和风疹的广泛暴发及地方性传播,并且在2015年仍在继续。要宣布整个区域消除这些疾病,必须在每个国家阻断地方性传播。高人群免疫力和高质量监测是消除麻疹和风疹的基石。如果没有所有国家持续的政治承诺和所需战略的实施,WHO欧洲区域消除这些疾病的目标将受到威胁。