Portocarrero Julio, Palma-Pinedo Helen, Pesantes M Amalia, Seminario Gerardo, Lema Claudia
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Perú
Dirección General de Epidemiología, Ministerio de Salud, Lima, Perú
Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica. 2015 Jul-Sep;32(3):492-8.
Describe the diversity of traditional healers, their links with the formal health system and changes in their therapeutic resources in two rural Andean communities in Churcampa, in the region of Huancavelica, Peru.
Qualitative study which combined three ethnographic techniques: in depth interviews, observations and accompaniments to traditional healers and health care personnel.
58 traditional healers, classified as healers, midwives and bonesetters were identified. Most healers interviewed learned their work while young and few had a teacher or mentor. The vast majority have objections to linking with health care facilities beyond referrals. There was no coordinated work among health personnel and traditional healers. However, when it happened, health personnel preferred those healers who have the willingness to adapt to the needs of the health services. We found that most of the healers were changing their practices due to the influence of evangelical churches. No healer had disciples to transmit their knowledge and practices.
There is great diversity of traditional healers. This diversity is decreasing, among other factors, by the advance of the evangelical churches. Traditional healers refer some patients to the health facility; while health personnel establish hierarchical working relationships with the healers. It is necessary to work on these attitudes of the health care personnel, since the basis of an intercultural approach is to have coordinated and horizontal working relationships between both systems.
描述秘鲁万卡韦利卡地区丘尔坎帕两个安第斯农村社区传统治疗师的多样性、他们与正规卫生系统的联系以及其治疗资源的变化。
采用定性研究，结合三种人种学方法：深入访谈、观察以及对传统治疗师和医护人员的跟踪。
识别出58名传统治疗师，分为治疗师、助产士和接骨师。大多数接受访谈的治疗师年轻时就开始学习这项工作，很少有人有老师或导师。绝大多数人反对除了转诊之外与医疗机构建立联系。卫生人员和传统治疗师之间没有协调合作。然而，当有合作时，卫生人员更喜欢那些愿意适应卫生服务需求的治疗师。我们发现，由于福音派教会的影响，大多数治疗师正在改变他们的做法。没有治疗师有弟子来传承他们的知识和做法。
传统治疗师存在很大的多样性。这种多样性正因福音派教会的发展等因素而减少。传统治疗师会将一些患者转诊到卫生机构；而卫生人员与治疗师建立等级工作关系。有必要改善医护人员的这些态度，因为跨文化方法的基础是两个系统之间要有协调和横向的工作关系。
