Pasquini R, Taningher M, Monarca S, Pala M, Angeli G
Dipartimento di Igiene, Universitá di Perugia, Italy.
J Toxicol Environ Health. 1989;27(2):225-38. doi: 10.1080/15287398909531293.
Pitch and bitumen, two complex petroleum derivative mixtures, were studied for both their chemical composition and their mutagenic/DNA damaging activity. While bitumen revealed no genotoxic effect and low polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentration, petroleum pitch showed a high concentration of mutagenic/carcinogenic PAHs, and also an elevated mutagenic activity when assayed by the Ames test, in the presence of postmitochondrial rat liver fractions. The in vitro mutagenic activity was detectable as frameshift mutation by assaying the pitch both as an in toto mixture and after HPLC fractionation, the most polar fractions being the most active. In contrast, both derivatives showed no in vivo DNA damage in rat liver, using the DNA alkaline elution technique and the fluorometric assay of DNA unwinding.
对两种复杂的石油衍生混合物——沥青和柏油，进行了化学组成以及致突变/DNA损伤活性的研究。虽然柏油未显示出遗传毒性效应且多环芳烃（PAHs）浓度较低，但石油沥青显示出高浓度的致突变/致癌性PAHs，并且在用艾姆斯试验检测时，在大鼠肝线粒体后组分存在的情况下也具有较高的致突变活性。通过将沥青作为整体混合物以及在高效液相色谱（HPLC）分离后进行检测，可检测到体外致突变活性为移码突变，极性最强的组分活性最高。相比之下，使用DNA碱性洗脱技术和DNA解旋荧光测定法，两种衍生物在大鼠肝脏中均未显示出体内DNA损伤。
