Wu Tao, Yao Cencen, Huang Liangfeng, Mao Youxiang, Zhang Wanjing, Jiang Jianguo, Fu Zhengwei
College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology.
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2015;61 Suppl:S89-91. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.61.S89.
The circadian rhythm is generally existed in mammalian behavior and metabolic processes, which results from the self-sustained circadian clocks. The mammalian circadian clocks are composed of a master clock located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), and of many peripheral clocks in tissues and extra-SCN brain regions. It is indicated that feeding could take over part of the SCN signaling, and affect internal synchrony between the master clock and the peripheral clocks. Thus, recent studies focus more on the relationship between the nutrients and circadian rhythms. Various nutrient components (glucose, amino acid, alcohol) are found to be able to directly affect the circadian rhythm of clock genes. Moreover, the feeding schedule of nutrients is as important as the nutrient components in maintaining a healthy circadian rhythm. Therefore, the circadian homeostasis needs not only balanced nutrient components but also regular timed nutrients.
昼夜节律普遍存在于哺乳动物的行为和代谢过程中，这是由自我维持的生物钟产生的。哺乳动物的生物钟由位于下丘脑视交叉上核（SCN）的主生物钟以及组织和SCN外脑区的许多外周生物钟组成。有研究表明，进食可以部分替代SCN的信号传导，并影响主生物钟和外周生物钟之间的内部同步。因此，最近的研究更多地关注营养物质与昼夜节律之间的关系。人们发现各种营养成分（葡萄糖、氨基酸、酒精）能够直接影响生物钟基因的昼夜节律。此外，营养物质的进食时间表在维持健康的昼夜节律方面与营养成分同样重要。因此，昼夜节律稳态不仅需要营养成分平衡，还需要定时摄入营养物质。
