King Brian A, Patel Roshni, Babb Stephen D, Hartman Anne M, Freeman Alison
Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Prev Med. 2016 Jan;82:51-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.11.010. Epub 2015 Nov 18.
The home is the primary source of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure for children. We assessed national and state progress in smoke-free home (SFH) rule adoption in homes with and without children and adult smokers.
Data came from the 1992-1993 and 2010-2011 Tobacco Use Supplements to the Current Population Survey, a U.S. national probability household survey. Households were defined as having a SFH rule if all household respondents aged ≥18 indicated no one was allowed to smoke inside the home at any time. Households with children were those with occupants aged <18. Smokers were those who smoked ≥100 lifetime cigarettes and now smoked "everyday" or "some days".
From 1992-1993 to 2010-2011, SFH rule prevalence increased from 43.0% to 83.0% (p<.05). Among households with children, SFH rules increased overall (44.9% to 88.6%), in households without smokers (59.7% to 95.0%), and households with ≥1 smokers (9.7% to 61.0%) (p<.05). Among households without children, SFH rules increased overall (40.8% to 81.1%), in households without smokers (53.4% to 90.1%), and households with ≥1 smokers (6.3% to 40.9%) (p<.05). Prevalence increased in all states, irrespective of smoker or child occupancy (p<.05). In 2010-2011, among homes with smokers and children, SFH rule prevalence ranged from 36.5% (West Virginia) to 86.8% (California).
Considerable progress has been made adopting SFH rules, but many U.S. children continue to be exposed to SHS because their homes are not smoke-free. Further efforts to promote adoption of SFH rules are essential to protect all children from this health risk.
家庭是儿童接触二手烟（SHS）的主要来源。我们评估了在有儿童和成人吸烟者以及无儿童和成人吸烟者的家庭中，无烟家庭（SFH）规则采用情况的全国及各州进展。
数据来自1992 - 1993年和2010 - 2011年对当前人口调查的烟草使用补充调查，这是一项美国全国性概率住户调查。如果所有年龄≥18岁的家庭受访者表示任何时候都不允许任何人在屋内吸烟，则该家庭被定义为有SFH规则。有儿童的家庭是指有年龄<18岁居住者的家庭。吸烟者是指终生吸烟≥100支且现在“每天”或“有时”吸烟的人。
从1992 - 1993年到2010 - 2011年，SFH规则的普及率从43.0%提高到了83.0%（p<0.05）。在有儿童的家庭中，SFH规则总体上有所增加（从44.9%增至88.6%），在无吸烟者的家庭中（从59.7%增至95.0%），以及在有≥1名吸烟者的家庭中（从9.7%增至61.0%）（均p<0.05）。在无儿童的家庭中，SFH规则总体上也有所增加（从40.8%增至81.1%），在无吸烟者的家庭中（从53.4%增至90.1%），以及在有≥1名吸烟者的家庭中（从6.3%增至40.9%）（均p<0.05）。所有州的普及率都有所提高，无论是否有吸烟者或儿童居住（p<0.05）。在2010 - 2011年，在有吸烟者和儿童的家庭中，SFH规则的普及率从36.5%（西弗吉尼亚州）到86.8%（加利福尼亚州）不等。
在采用SFH规则方面已取得相当大的进展，但许多美国儿童仍继续接触二手烟，因为他们的家庭并非无烟环境。进一步努力促进采用SFH规则对于保护所有儿童免受这种健康风险至关重要。
