Merom D, Rissel C
Needs Assessment & Health Outcomes Unit, Central Sydney Area Health Service, New South Wales.
Aust N Z J Public Health. 2001 Aug;25(4):339-45. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-842x.2001.tb00590.x.
To examine the sociodemographic characteristics associated with smoke-free homes (SFHs) in NSW and specify high-risk groups with a low prevalence of household smoking restrictions.
Data were drawn from the 1998 NSW Health Survey, a computer-assisted telephone interview survey of 17,494 randomly selected respondents aged > or = 16 years across NSW (response rate = 70%). Logistic regression analyses, stratified by smoking status, were used.
Overall, 72% of adults reported having a SFH; 87% of never-smokers, 81% of ex- and 35% of current smokers. The highest percentages of SFHs were reported in households with young children (78%) and with older children (72%) or with adults only (72%). For smokers, SFHs were independently associated with the presence of young children (OR=3.8, 95% CI 3.1-4.7) compared with those who lived alone, but the odds of living in a SFH were only slightly increased for smokers living with older children (aged 6-15) and for those living with adults only (OR=1.9, OR=1.8 respectively). Speaking a language other than English at home, having more than 10 years' education, and being <35 years old were independently and positively associated with SFH. Being employed in smoke-free workplaces increased the likelihood of SFHs for both current and past smokers (OR=1.6, OR=1.2 respectively).
Most NSW homes have restrictions on smoking inside, but more than half the households with children and at least one smoker adult are not smoke free.
Interventions to shape parents' smoking behaviour around older children are warranted. Strategies need to address never-smokers in communities with high prevalence of smoking and adults with lower levels of education. A continued commitment to workplace smoking bans is important as they may affect household smoking restrictions.
研究与新南威尔士州无烟家庭（SFH）相关的社会人口学特征，并明确家庭吸烟限制普及率较低的高危群体。
数据来源于1998年新南威尔士州健康调查，这是一项对新南威尔士州17494名年龄≥16岁的随机抽取受访者进行的计算机辅助电话访谈调查（回复率 = 70%）。采用按吸烟状况分层的逻辑回归分析。
总体而言，72%的成年人报告家中无烟；从不吸烟者中这一比例为87%，曾经吸烟者为81%，当前吸烟者为35%。有幼儿的家庭（78%）、有大龄儿童的家庭（72%）或只有成年人的家庭（72%）报告的无烟家庭比例最高。对于吸烟者，与独居者相比，家中有幼儿与无烟家庭独立相关（比值比[OR]=3.8，95%置信区间[CI] 3.1 - 4.7），但对于与大龄儿童（6 - 15岁）同住的吸烟者以及仅与成年人同住的吸烟者，居住在无烟家庭中的几率仅略有增加（分别为OR = 1.9，OR = 1.8）。在家说英语以外的语言、接受超过10年教育以及年龄＜35岁与无烟家庭独立且呈正相关。在无烟工作场所工作增加了当前吸烟者和既往吸烟者居住在无烟家庭中的可能性（分别为OR = 1.6，OR = 1.2）。
新南威尔士州的大多数家庭对室内吸烟有限制，但有儿童且至少有一名吸烟成年人的家庭中，超过一半并非无烟家庭。
有必要采取干预措施来改变父母在大龄儿童周围的吸烟行为。策略需要针对吸烟率高的社区中的从不吸烟者以及教育程度较低的成年人。持续致力于工作场所禁烟很重要，因为这可能会影响家庭吸烟限制。
