Sreeraman Kumar Radhika, Messina Jane L, Reed Damon, Navid Fariba, Sondak Vernon K
Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
Department of Anatomic Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
Cancer Treat Res. 2016;167:331-69. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-22539-5_15.
Melanoma is uncommon in the pediatric age range, but is increasing in frequency and often presents with atypical features compared to the classic ABCDE criteria common to adult melanoma cases. Moreover, many melanocytic neoplasms in childhood pose diagnostic challenges to the pathologist, and sometimes cannot be unequivocally classified as benign nevi or melanoma. This chapter addresses the evaluation and management of pediatric patients with melanoma and atypical melanocytic neoplasms, including the roles of and unresolved questions surrounding sentinel lymph node biopsy, completion lymphadenectomy, adjuvant therapy, and treatment of advanced disease.
黑色素瘤在儿童年龄段并不常见，但发病率正在上升，并且与成人黑色素瘤病例常见的经典ABCDE标准相比，通常表现出非典型特征。此外，儿童期的许多黑素细胞肿瘤给病理学家带来了诊断挑战，有时无法明确归类为良性痣或黑色素瘤。本章讨论了患有黑色素瘤和非典型黑素细胞肿瘤的儿科患者的评估和管理，包括前哨淋巴结活检、根治性淋巴结清扫术、辅助治疗以及晚期疾病治疗的作用和尚未解决的问题。
