Shi Yu, Huang Zhanbin, Liu Xiujie, Imran Suheryani, Peng Licheng, Dai Rongji, Deng Yulin
School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016 Apr;23(7):6168-78. doi: 10.1007/s11356-015-5778-7. Epub 2015 Nov 25.
Heavy metal pollution is a severe environmental problem. Remediation of contaminated soils can be accomplished using environmental materials that are low cost and environmentally friendly. We evaluated the individual and combination effects of humic acid (HA), super absorbent polymer (SAP), zeolite (ZE), and fly ash composites (FC) on immobilization of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in contaminated soils. We also investigated long-term practical approaches for remediation of heavy metal pollution in soil. The biochemical and morphological properties of maize (Zea mays L.) were selected as biomarkers to assess the effects of environmental materials on heavy metal immobilization. The results showed that addition of test materials to soil effectively reduced heavy metal accumulation in maize foliage, improving chlorophyll levels, plant growth, and antioxidant enzyme activity. The test materials reduced heavy metal injury to maize throughout the growth period. A synergistic effect from combinations of different materials on immobilization of Pb and Cd was determined based on the reduction of morphological and biochemical injuries to maize. The combination of zeolite and humic acid was especially effective. Treatment with a combination of HA + SAP + ZE + FC was superior for remediation of soils contaminated with high levels of Pb and Cd.
重金属污染是一个严峻的环境问题。利用低成本且环保的环境材料可以实现对污染土壤的修复。我们评估了腐殖酸（HA）、高吸水性聚合物（SAP）、沸石（ZE）和粉煤灰复合材料（FC）对污染土壤中铅（Pb）和镉（Cd）固定的单独及联合效果。我们还研究了土壤重金属污染修复的长期实用方法。选择玉米（Zea mays L.）的生化和形态特性作为生物标志物，以评估环境材料对重金属固定的影响。结果表明，向土壤中添加测试材料可有效减少玉米叶片中的重金属积累，提高叶绿素水平、促进植物生长并增强抗氧化酶活性。测试材料在整个生长期间都减轻了重金属对玉米的伤害。基于对玉米形态和生化损伤的减轻，确定了不同材料组合对Pb和Cd固定的协同效应。沸石和腐殖酸的组合尤其有效。HA + SAP + ZE + FC组合处理在修复高浓度Pb和Cd污染土壤方面表现更佳。
