Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747, Garching, Germany.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2016 Feb 12;55(7):2322-39. doi: 10.1002/anie.201506065. Epub 2015 Nov 26.
Silicon nanocrystals (Si-NCs) are emerging as an attractive class of quantum dots owing to the natural abundance of silicon in the Earth's crust, their low toxicity compared to many Group II-VI and III-V based quantum dots, compatibility with the existing semiconductor industry infrastructure, and their unique optoelectronic properties. Despite these favorable qualities, Si-NCs have not received the same attention as Group II-VI and III-V quantum dots, because of their lower emission quantum yields, difficulties associated with synthesizing monodisperse particles, and oxidative instability. Recent advancements indicate the surface chemistry of Si-NCs plays a key role in determining many of their properties. This Review summarizes new reports related to engineering Si-NC surfaces, synthesis of Si-NC/polymer hybrids, and their applications in sensing, diodes, catalysis, and batteries.
硅纳米晶（Si-NCs）作为一类新兴的量子点备受关注，这是因为硅在地壳中的含量丰富，与许多 II-VI 和 III-V 族量子点相比毒性较低，与现有半导体产业基础设施相兼容，并且具有独特的光电性能。尽管具有这些优良的性质，但由于 Si-NCs 的发射量子产率较低、合成单分散颗粒困难以及氧化不稳定性等问题，其并未得到与 II-VI 和 III-V 族量子点相同的关注。最近的进展表明，Si-NCs 的表面化学在决定其许多性质方面起着关键作用。本综述总结了与 Si-NC 表面工程、Si-NC/聚合物杂化合成以及它们在传感、二极管、催化和电池中的应用相关的新报告。
