Palmer Keith T, Bovenzi Massimo
Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, ARUK-MRC Centre for Work and Musculoskeletal Heath, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
Clinical Unit of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34100, Italy.
Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2015 Jun;29(3):424-39. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2015.05.001. Epub 2015 May 30.
Occupational exposures to vibration come in many guises, and they are very common at a population level. It follows that an important minority of working-aged patients seen by medical services will have been exposed to this hazard of employment. Vibration can cause human health effects, which may manifest in the patients that rheumatologists see. In this chapter, we identify the health effects of relevance to them, and review their epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, differential diagnosis and vocational and clinical management. On either side of this, we describe the nature and assessment of the hazard, the scale and common patterns of exposure to vibration in the community and the legal basis for controlling health risks, and we comment on the role of health surveillance in detecting early adverse effects and what can be done to prevent the rheumatic effects of vibration at work.
职业性接触振动有多种形式，在人群层面非常普遍。因此，医疗服务机构接诊的工作年龄患者中，有相当一部分曾接触过这种职业危害。振动会对人体健康产生影响，这可能在风湿病科医生诊治的患者身上表现出来。在本章中，我们确定与他们相关的健康影响，并综述其流行病学、病理生理学、临床表现、鉴别诊断以及职业和临床管理。在此基础上，我们描述危害的性质和评估、社区中振动暴露的规模和常见模式以及控制健康风险的法律依据，我们还评论健康监测在发现早期不良反应方面的作用，以及如何预防工作中振动对风湿病的影响。
