Yost William A, Zhong Xuan, Najam Anbar
Speech and Hearing Science, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 870102, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2015 Nov;138(5):3293-310. doi: 10.1121/1.4935091.
In four experiments listeners were rotated or were stationary. Sounds came from a stationary loudspeaker or rotated from loudspeaker to loudspeaker around an azimuth array. When either sounds or listeners rotate the auditory cues used for sound source localization change, but in the everyday world listeners perceive sound rotation only when sounds rotate not when listeners rotate. In the everyday world sound source locations are referenced to positions in the environment (a world-centric reference system). The auditory cues for sound source location indicate locations relative to the head (a head-centric reference system), not locations relative to the world. This paper deals with a general hypothesis that the world-centric location of sound sources requires the auditory system to have information about auditory cues used for sound source location and cues about head position. The use of visual and vestibular information in determining rotating head position in sound rotation perception was investigated. The experiments show that sound rotation perception when sources and listeners rotate was based on acoustic, visual, and, perhaps, vestibular information. The findings are consistent with the general hypotheses and suggest that sound source localization is not based just on acoustics. It is a multisystem process.
在四项实验中，听众处于旋转状态或静止状态。声音来自固定的扬声器，或者围绕方位阵列在扬声器之间旋转。当声音或听众旋转时，用于声源定位的听觉线索会发生变化，但在日常生活中，听众只有在声音旋转时才会感知到声音的旋转，而听众自身旋转时则不会。在日常生活中，声源位置是相对于环境中的位置来确定的（一种以世界为中心的参考系统）。用于声源定位的听觉线索指示的是相对于头部的位置（一种以头部为中心的参考系统），而非相对于世界的位置。本文探讨了一个一般性假设，即声源的以世界为中心的位置要求听觉系统具备有关用于声源定位的听觉线索以及头部位置线索的信息。研究了在声音旋转感知中视觉和前庭信息在确定旋转头部位置时的作用。实验表明，当声源和听众旋转时，声音旋转感知是基于声学、视觉以及或许还有前庭信息的。这些发现与该一般性假设一致，表明声源定位不仅仅基于声学。它是一个多系统过程。
