Spatial Hearing Laboratory, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 870102, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2019 Jul;146(1):382. doi: 10.1121/1.5116003.
Wallach [J. Exp. Psychol. 27, 339-368 (1940)] described a "2-1" rotation scenario in which a sound source rotates on an azimuth circle around a rotating listener at twice the listener's rate of rotation. In this scenario, listeners often perceive an illusionary stationary sound source, even though the actual sound source is rotating. This Wallach Azimuth Illusion (WAI) was studied to explore Wallach's description of sound-source localization as a required interaction of binaural and head-position cues (i.e., sound-source localization is a multisystem process). The WAI requires front-back reversed sound-source localization. To extend and consolidate the current understanding of the WAI, listeners and sound sources were rotated over large distances and long time periods, which had not been done before. The data demonstrate a strong correlation between measures of the predicted WAI locations and front-back reversals (FBRs). When sounds are unlikely to elicit FBRs, sound sources are perceived veridically as rotating, but the results are listener dependent. Listeners' eyes were always open and there was little evidence under these conditions that changes in vestibular function affected the occurrence of the WAI. The results show that the WAI is a robust phenomenon that should be useful for further exploration of sound-source localization as a multisystem process.
沃拉赫（J. Exp. Psychol. 27, 339-368 (1940)）描述了一种“2-1”旋转场景，其中声源以两倍于听众旋转速度的速度在环绕旋转听众的方位圆上旋转。在这种情况下，即使实际声源在旋转，听众通常也会感知到一个幻象的静止声源。这项沃拉赫方位错觉（WAI）研究旨在探索沃拉赫对声源定位的描述，即双耳和头部位置线索的必需相互作用（即，声源定位是一个多系统过程）。WAI 需要前后颠倒的声源定位。为了扩展和巩固对 WAI 的现有理解，听众和声源在大距离和长时间内旋转，这在以前从未做过。数据表明，预测的 WAI 位置和前后颠倒（FBR）之间存在很强的相关性。当声音不太可能引起 FBR 时，声源被感知为真实地旋转，但结果取决于听众。在这些条件下，听众的眼睛始终睁开，几乎没有证据表明前庭功能的变化会影响 WAI 的发生。结果表明，WAI 是一种强大的现象，应该有助于进一步探索声源定位作为一个多系统过程。
