Morris N R, Osmani S A, Engle D B, Doonan J H
Bioessays. 1989 Jun;10(6):196-201. doi: 10.1002/bies.950100605.
We describe here recent work on the molecular genetics of mitosis in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans. Aspergillus is one of three simple eukaryotes with powerful genetic systems that have been used to analyze mitosis. The modern molecular biological techniques available with this organism have made it possible to use mutations to identify genes and proteins that play an important role in mitosis. Three Aspergillus genes that affect mitosis are described. One gene, nimA, is specifically expressed late in the cell cycle and codes for a putative protein kinase that induces mitosis, even in cells blocked in S-phase. The second gene, bimG, codes for a putative phosphatase that interacts functionally with the nimA kinase. The third gene, bimE, codes for a protein that suppresses mitosis during interphase, apparently by keeping nimA turned off. None of these genes appear to be similar to any of the genes affecting mitosis that have been characterized in other eukaryotes, but rather appear to be elements of a system that prevents mitosis from occurring during interphase.
我们在此描述了关于丝状真菌构巢曲霉有丝分裂分子遗传学的近期研究工作。曲霉是三种具有强大遗传系统的简单真核生物之一，已被用于分析有丝分裂。针对这种生物体可用的现代分子生物学技术，使得利用突变来鉴定在有丝分裂中起重要作用的基因和蛋白质成为可能。本文描述了三个影响构巢曲霉有丝分裂的基因。一个基因，nimA，在细胞周期后期特异性表达，编码一种假定的蛋白激酶，该激酶可诱导有丝分裂，即使在处于S期阻滞的细胞中也是如此。第二个基因，bimG，编码一种假定的磷酸酶，其在功能上与nimA激酶相互作用。第三个基因，bimE，编码一种在间期抑制有丝分裂的蛋白质，显然是通过使nimA失活来实现的。这些基因似乎都与其他真核生物中已鉴定的影响有丝分裂的任何基因不相似，而是一个防止在间期发生有丝分裂的系统的组成部分。
