Adeboye M, Ojuawo A, Adeniyi A, Ibraheem R M, Amiwero C
Department of Paediatrics, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.
Department of Haematology, Federal Medical Centre, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria.
Ethiop J Health Sci. 2015 Jul;25(3):251-6. doi: 10.4314/ejhs.v25i3.8.
Febrile convulsion and sickle cell disease are common in tropical countries and both are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Worldwide, Nigeria has the highest prevalence of sickle cell disease. However, there is a dearth of knowledge on the haemoglobin electrophoresis in patients with febrile convulsions.
This was a hospital based, descriptive, cross-sectional study of the relationship between haemoglobin genotype and febrile convulsion at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital over a period of 12 months. A self-designed pretested questionnaire was administered on the subjects, and necessary examinations and investigations were conducted.
Of a total of 1675 children admitted into the emergency paediatric unit during the study period, children aged 6 months-5 years that presented with febrile convulsions were 167(10%). Of this, 1,212 were aged 6 months-5 years. Thus, the age specific, hospital-based prevalence was 13.8%. The M:F was 1.1:1. Their Haemoglobin genotype distribution was AA 131(78.4%), AS 23(13.8%), AC 6(3.6%), SS 6(3.6%), and 1(0.6%) SC. The mean age of the sickle cell disease patients was higher at 46.0±13.5 months compared to 29.2±15.4 months in the non-sickle cell disease patients (p=0.005). The mean packed cell volume in subjects with sickle cell anaemia was 8.8±1.5%; the only case of haemoglobin SC had packed cell volume of 20%, while the non-sickle cell disease patients had a normal PCV. Malaria was present in 80.4% of them.
Febrile convulsion remains a common cause of hospitalisation. It is uncommon in haemoglobin SS where severe anaemia is always an accompanying derangement. The packed cell volume is nearly normal in children with normal haemoglobin genotype.
热性惊厥和镰状细胞病在热带国家很常见，且二者均与显著的发病率和死亡率相关。在全球范围内，尼日利亚镰状细胞病的患病率最高。然而，关于热性惊厥患者血红蛋白电泳的知识却很匮乏。
这是一项在伊洛林大学教学医院进行的为期12个月的基于医院的描述性横断面研究，旨在探讨血红蛋白基因型与热性惊厥之间的关系。对研究对象发放了一份自行设计并经过预测试的问卷，并进行了必要的检查和调查。
在研究期间，共有1675名儿童入住儿科急诊病房，其中6个月至5岁出现热性惊厥的儿童有167名（10%）。其中，1212名儿童年龄在6个月至5岁之间。因此，基于医院的年龄特异性患病率为13.8%。男女比例为1.1:1。他们的血红蛋白基因型分布为：AA 131例（78.4%），AS 23例（13.8%），AC 6例（3.6%），SS 6例（3.6%），SC 1例（0.6%）。镰状细胞病患者的平均年龄较高，为46.0±13.5个月，而非镰状细胞病患者的平均年龄为29.2±15.4个月（p = 0.005）。镰状细胞贫血患者的平均红细胞压积为8.8±1.5%；唯一一例血红蛋白SC患者的红细胞压积为20%，而非镰状细胞病患者的红细胞压积正常。其中80.4%的患者患有疟疾。
热性惊厥仍然是住院的常见原因。在血红蛋白SS型中并不常见，因为严重贫血总是伴随的紊乱情况。血红蛋白基因型正常的儿童红细胞压积接近正常。
