Kambanaros Maria, Grohmann Kleanthes K
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology Limassol, Cyprus ; Cyprus Acquisition Team Nicosia, Cyprus.
Department of English Studies, University of Cyprus Nicosia, Cyprus ; Cyprus Acquisition Team Nicosia, Cyprus.
Front Psychol. 2015 Nov 17;6:1670. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01670. eCollection 2015.
The aims of this study are to compare quantitative and qualitative differences for noun/verb retrieval across language-impaired groups, examine naming errors with reference to psycholinguistic models of word processing, and shed light on the nature of the naming deficit as well as determine relevant group commonalities and differences. This includes an attempt to establish whether error types differentiate language-impaired children from adults, to determine effects of psycholinguistic variables on naming accuracies, and to link the results to genetic mechanisms and/or neural circuitry in the brain. A total of 89 (language-)impaired participants took part in this report: 24 adults with acquired aphasia, 20 adults with schizophrenia-spectrum disorder, 31 adults with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, and 14 children with specific language impairment. The results of simultaneous multiple regression analyses for the errors in verb naming compared to the psycholinguistic variables for all language-impaired groups are reported and discussed in relation to models of lexical processing. This discussion will lead to considerations of genetic and/or neurobiological underpinnings: Presence of the noun-verb dissociation in focal and non-focal brain impairment make localization theories redundant, but support for wider neural network involvement.The patterns reported cannot be reduced to any one level of language processing, suggesting multiple interactions at different levels (e.g., receptive vs. expressive language abilities).Semantic-conceptual properties constrain syntactic properties with implications for phonological word form retrieval.Competition needs to be resolved at both conceptual and phonological levels of representation. Moreover, this study may provide a cross-pathological baseline that can be probed further with respect to recent suggestions concerning a reconsideration of open- vs. closed-class items, according to which verbs may actually fall into the latter rather than the standardly received former class.
本研究的目的是比较语言障碍群体在名词/动词检索方面的数量和质量差异，参照单词处理的心理语言学模型检查命名错误，阐明命名缺陷的本质，并确定相关群体的共性和差异。这包括试图确定错误类型是否能区分语言障碍儿童和成人，确定心理语言学变量对命名准确性的影响，并将结果与大脑中的遗传机制和/或神经回路联系起来。共有89名（有语言）障碍的参与者参与了本报告：24名患有后天性失语症的成年人、20名患有精神分裂症谱系障碍的成年人、31名患有复发缓解型多发性硬化症的成年人以及14名患有特定语言障碍的儿童。报告并讨论了所有语言障碍群体动词命名错误与心理语言学变量的同步多元回归分析结果，并与词汇处理模型相关联。该讨论将引发对遗传和/或神经生物学基础的思考：局灶性和非局灶性脑损伤中名词-动词分离的存在使定位理论变得多余，但支持更广泛的神经网络参与。所报告的模式不能简化为任何一个语言处理层面，这表明在不同层面（如接受性与表达性语言能力）存在多种相互作用。语义-概念属性制约句法属性，对语音单词形式检索有影响。在概念和语音表征层面都需要解决竞争问题。此外，本研究可能提供一个跨病理学基线，根据最近关于重新考虑开放类与封闭类项目的建议，该基线可进一步探讨，根据该建议，动词实际上可能属于后者而非通常认为的前者类别。
