Yu Nancy X, Lam T H, Liu Iris K F, Stewart Sunita M
Department of Applied Social Sciences, City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, Hong Kong ; School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Front Psychol. 2015 Nov 27;6:1769. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01769. eCollection 2015.
Few clinical trials report on the active intervention components that result in outcome changes, although this is relevant to further improving efficacy and adapting effective programs to other populations. This paper presents follow-up analyses of a randomized controlled trial to enhance adaptation by increasing knowledge and personal resilience in two separate brief interventions with immigrants from Mainland China to Hong Kong (Yu et al., 2014b). The present paper extends our previous one by reporting on the longer term effect of the interventions on personal resilience, and examining whether the Resilience intervention worked as designed to enhance personal resilience. The four-session intervention targeted at self-efficacy, positive thinking, altruism, and goal setting. In this randomized controlled trial, 220 immigrants were randomly allocated to three arms: Resilience, Information (an active control arm), and Control arms. Participants completed measures of the four active components (self-efficacy, positive thinking, altruism, and goal setting) at baseline and immediately after the intervention. Personal resilience was assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and 3- and 6-month follow-ups. The results showed that the Resilience arm had greater increases in the four active components post-intervention. Changes in each of the four active components at the post-intervention assessment mediated enhanced personal resilience at the 3-month follow-up in the Resilience arm. Changes in self-efficacy and goal setting showed the largest effect size, and altruism showed the smallest. The arm effects of the Resilience intervention on enhanced personal resilience at the 6-month follow-up were mediated by increases of personal resilience post-intervention (Resilience vs. Control) and at the 3-month follow-up (Resilience vs. Information). These findings showed that these four active components were all mediators in this Resilience intervention. Our results of the effects of short term increases in personal resilience on longer term increase in personal resilience in some models suggest how changes in intervention outcomes might persist over time.
很少有临床试验报告导致结果变化的积极干预成分，尽管这与进一步提高疗效以及使有效方案适用于其他人群相关。本文呈现了一项随机对照试验的随访分析，该试验旨在通过在针对从中国大陆移民到香港的人群进行的两项单独的简短干预中增加知识和个人复原力来增强适应性（Yu等人，2014b）。本文通过报告干预对个人复原力的长期影响，并检验复原力干预是否按设计发挥作用以增强个人复原力，对我们之前的研究进行了扩展。为期四节的干预针对自我效能感、积极思维、利他主义和目标设定。在这项随机对照试验中，220名移民被随机分配到三组：复原力组、信息组（一个积极对照组）和对照组。参与者在基线时以及干预结束后立即完成对四个积极成分（自我效能感、积极思维、利他主义和目标设定）的测量。在基线、干预后以及3个月和6个月随访时评估个人复原力。结果显示，复原力组在干预后四个积极成分的增加幅度更大。在复原力组中，干预后评估时四个积极成分中每一个成分的变化在3个月随访时介导了个人复原力的增强。自我效能感和目标设定的变化显示出最大的效应量，而利他主义的效应量最小。复原力干预在6个月随访时对增强个人复原力的组间效应是由干预后（复原力组与对照组相比）以及3个月随访时（复原力组与信息组相比）个人复原力的增加介导的。这些发现表明这四个积极成分在这项复原力干预中均为中介因素。我们关于个人复原力短期增加对某些模型中个人复原力长期增加的影响的结果表明干预结果的变化可能如何随时间持续存在。
