中国留守青少年中，韧性和自尊在负性生活事件与积极的社会适应之间的中介作用：一项横断面研究。
The mediating role of resilience and self-esteem between negative life events and positive social adjustment among left-behind adolescents in China: a cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
出版信息
BMC Psychiatry. 2019 Aug 1;19(1):239. doi: 10.1186/s12888-019-2219-z.
BACKGROUND
In China, adolescents are frequently left behind by their parents. A great deal of scientific evidence demonstrates considerable psychological and social impacts that negative life events may have on adolescents who are left behind. While a direct relationship between negative life events and psychological and social effects has been observed, indirect effects have yet to be examined. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the association between negative life events and positive social adjustment and how resilience and self-esteem mediate this association.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was carried out in the provinces of Shandong, Henan, and Sichuan in China. A questionnaire was distributed to 4716 left-behind adolescents in ten middle/high schools. We performed Bayesian estimations in structural equation modeling using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm to test our hypotheses.
RESULTS
Negative life events were significantly related to resilience (r = - 0.402), self-esteem (r = - 0.292), and positive social adjustment (r = - 0.239). Positive social adjustment was directly affected by resilience (β = 0.639) and self-esteem (β = 0.448). Negative life events were not only directly related to positive social adjustment (β = - 0.187, 95% credible interval: - 0.233 ~ - 0.139), but also showed an indirect effect on positive social adjustment (β = - 0.541, 95% credible interval: - 0.583 ~ - 0.501) through resilience (β = - 0.370) and self-esteem (β = - 0.171). The total effect of negative life events on positive social adjustment was - 0.728, where 74.31% was mediated by resilience and self-esteem. The indirect effect of negative life events on positive social adjustment through resilience and self-esteem was 2.893 times more than the direct effect.
CONCLUSIONS
Resilience and self-esteem mediated most of the effect of negative life events on positive social adjustment. Interventions should be developed to improve the social adjustment of adolescents who are left behind, particularly the enhancement of resilience and self-esteem.
背景
在中国，青少年经常被父母忽视。大量科学证据表明，留守青少年经历的负面生活事件会对他们产生相当大的心理和社会影响。虽然已经观察到负面生活事件与心理和社会影响之间存在直接关系，但尚未研究间接关系。因此，本研究的目的是确定负面生活事件与积极的社会适应之间的关联，以及韧性和自尊如何调节这种关联。
方法
在中国的山东省、河南省和四川省进行了一项横断面研究。在十所中学向 4716 名留守青少年发放问卷。我们使用马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗算法在结构方程模型中进行贝叶斯估计，以检验我们的假设。
结果
负面生活事件与韧性（r=−0.402）、自尊（r=−0.292）和积极的社会适应（r=−0.239）显著相关。积极的社会适应受到韧性（β=0.639）和自尊（β=0.448）的直接影响。负面生活事件不仅与积极的社会适应直接相关（β=−0.187，95%可信区间：−0.233−0.139），而且通过韧性（β=−0.370）和自尊（β=−0.171）对积极的社会适应产生间接影响（β=−0.541，95%可信区间：−0.583−0.501）。负面生活事件对积极社会适应的总效应为−0.728，其中 74.31%通过韧性和自尊来调节。负面生活事件通过韧性和自尊对积极社会适应的间接影响是直接影响的 2.893 倍。
结论
韧性和自尊调节了负面生活事件对积极社会适应的大部分影响。应该制定干预措施来改善留守青少年的社会适应，特别是增强他们的韧性和自尊。
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