Odabasi Orhan, Elcin Melih, Uzun Basusta Bilge, Gulkaya Anik Esin, Aki Tuncay F, Bozoklar Ata
From the Department of Medical Education and Informatics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Exp Clin Transplant. 2018 Aug;16(4):481-487. doi: 10.6002/ect.2015.0131. Epub 2015 Dec 1.
The low rate of consent by next of kin of donor-eligible patients is a major limiting factor in organ transplant. Educating health care professionals about their role may lead to measurable improvements in the process. Our aim was to describe the developmental steps of a communication skills training program for health care professionals using standardized patients and to evaluate the results.
We developed a rubric and 5 cases for standardized family interviews. The 20 participants interviewed standardized families at the beginning and at the end of the training course, with interviews followed by debriefing sessions. Participants also provided feedback before and after the course. The performance of each participant was assessed by his or her peers using the rubric. We calculated the generalizability coefficient to measure the reliability of the rubric and used the Wilcoxon signed rank test to compare achievement among participants. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS software (SPSS: An IBM Company, version 17.0, IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA).
All participants received higher scores in their second interview, including novice participants who expressed great discomfort during their first interview. The participants rated the scenarios and the standardized patients as very representative of real-life situations, with feedback forms showing that the interviews, the video recording sessions, and the debriefing sessions contributed to their learning.
Our program was designed to meet the current expectations and implications in the field of donor consent from next of kin. Results showed that our training program developed using standardized patient methodology was effective in obtaining the communication skills needed for family interviews during the consent process. The rubric developed during the study was a valid and reliable assessment tool that could be used in further educational activities. The participants showed significant improvements in communication skills.
符合捐赠条件患者的近亲同意率较低是器官移植的一个主要限制因素。对医疗保健专业人员进行角色教育可能会使这一过程得到显著改善。我们的目的是描述一个使用标准化患者的医疗保健专业人员沟通技能培训项目的开发步骤，并评估结果。
我们制定了一份用于标准化家庭访谈的评分标准和5个案例。20名参与者在培训课程开始和结束时对标准化家庭进行访谈，访谈后进行汇报总结。参与者还在课程前后提供了反馈。每个参与者的表现由其同伴使用评分标准进行评估。我们计算了概化系数以衡量评分标准的可靠性，并使用Wilcoxon符号秩检验来比较参与者之间的成绩。使用SPSS软件（SPSS：IBM公司，版本17.0，IBM公司，美国纽约州阿蒙克）进行统计分析。
所有参与者在第二次访谈中得分更高，包括在第一次访谈中表示非常不自在的新手参与者。参与者认为这些场景和标准化患者非常能代表现实生活情况，反馈表显示访谈、视频录制环节和汇报总结环节对他们的学习有帮助。
我们的项目旨在满足当前近亲捐赠同意领域的期望和要求。结果表明，我们使用标准化患者方法开发的培训项目在获得同意过程中家庭访谈所需的沟通技能方面是有效的。研究过程中制定的评分标准是一种有效且可靠的评估工具，可用于进一步的教育活动。参与者在沟通技能方面有显著提高。
