Hall H Irene, Espinoza Lorena, Harris Shericka, Shi Jing
a Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta , GA , USA.
b ICF International , Atlanta , GA , USA.
AIDS Care. 2016;28(5):574-8. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2015.1118428. Epub 2015 Dec 7.
Death due to HIV remains a leading cause of death among some US populations, yet little is known about HIV care before death. We used data from the National HIV Surveillance System to determine disease stage and care within 12 months prior to death among persons infected with HIV who died in 2012. Persons were considered to be in care within 12 months before death if they had ≥1 CD4 or viral load test results, and in continuous care if they had ≥2 CD4 or viral load test results at least 3 months apart. Viral suppression (viral load <200 copies/mL) was based on the most recent viral load test result in the 12 months before death. Among 7348 persons infected with HIV who died in 2012, 47.1% had late stage disease (AIDS) within 12 months before death. Overall, 85.7% had ≥1 test result, 64.3% had ≥2 tests at least 3 months apart, and 41.6% had a suppressed viral load. While blacks and Hispanics/Latinos had higher percentages of continuous care compared with whites, they had lower percentages of viral suppression and higher percentages with late stage disease. Viral suppression was higher among older persons. The majority had been diagnosed with HIV more than 5 years before death (86.3%). Although the majority of persons infected with HIV who died in 2012 had been diagnosed many years before death, almost half had late stage disease, and there were disparities in late stage disease and viral suppression by race/ethnicity and age.
在美国的一些人群中,因感染艾滋病毒而导致的死亡仍然是主要死因之一,但对于死亡前的艾滋病毒护理情况却知之甚少。我们利用国家艾滋病毒监测系统的数据,来确定2012年死于艾滋病毒感染的患者在死亡前12个月内的疾病阶段和接受护理的情况。如果患者有≥1次CD4或病毒载量检测结果,则被视为在死亡前12个月内接受过护理;如果患者有≥2次CD4或病毒载量检测结果,且间隔至少3个月,则被视为持续接受护理。病毒抑制(病毒载量<200拷贝/毫升)是基于死亡前12个月内最近的病毒载量检测结果。在2012年死于艾滋病毒感染的7348人中,47.1%在死亡前12个月内处于疾病晚期(艾滋病)。总体而言,85.7%的人有≥1次检测结果,64.3%的人有≥2次间隔至少3个月的检测结果,41.6%的人病毒载量得到抑制。与白人相比,黑人和西班牙裔/拉丁裔持续接受护理的比例更高,但病毒抑制的比例较低,疾病晚期的比例更高。老年人的病毒抑制率更高。大多数人在死亡前5年以上就被诊断出感染艾滋病毒(86.3%)。尽管2012年死于艾滋病毒感染的大多数人在死亡前多年就已被诊断出感染,但几乎一半的人处于疾病晚期,并且在疾病晚期以及病毒抑制方面,存在种族/族裔和年龄差异。