Kliewer-Neumann Josephine, Bovenschen Ina, Lang Katrin, Spangler Gottfried, Nowacki Katja, Roland Inga C
Fachhochschule Dortmund, Emil-Figge Strase 44, 44227 Dortmund;
Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg.
Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr. 2015;64(10):759-73. doi: 10.13109/prkk.2015.64.10.759.
Disturbances of attachment represent a clinically significant disorder and seriously impair social behavioural functioning. To date there has been little research and valid diagnostic methods are lacking. In the present study a German Version of the Disturbances of Attachment Interview developed by Smyke and Zeanah (1999) was used to assess disturbances of attachment in a sample of foster children and the validity of the translation is investigated. Furthermore, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (Goodman, 1997) was used to examine the discriminative validity. The results show a satisfying reliability and the scales of attachment disorders declare the main of the variance. There is a weak association between the disinhibited scale and hyperactivity in the SDQ. Overall the disinhibited disorder can be distinguished from other behaviour patterns. Regarding the inhibited scale there are associations with all SDQ scales and the inhibited category seems harder to distinguish from other deviant developmental issues. The method is evaluated as a qualified approach to the diagnosis of attachment disorders in the context of a multimethodical approach. Furthermore, the findings suggest further examination of the construct of attachment disturbances.
依恋障碍是一种具有临床意义的疾病，会严重损害社会行为功能。迄今为止，相关研究较少，且缺乏有效的诊断方法。在本研究中，采用了由斯迈克和泽纳（1999年）编制的《依恋障碍访谈德语版》来评估寄养儿童样本中的依恋障碍，并对翻译的有效性进行了调查。此外，还使用了优势与困难问卷（古德曼，1997年）来检验区分效度。结果显示出令人满意的信度，依恋障碍量表解释了主要的方差。在优势与困难问卷中，去抑制量表与多动之间存在微弱关联。总体而言，去抑制障碍可与其他行为模式区分开来。关于抑制量表，它与优势与困难问卷的所有量表都存在关联，并且抑制类别似乎更难与其他异常发育问题区分开来。在多方法的背景下，该方法被评估为诊断依恋障碍的一种有效方法。此外，研究结果表明需要进一步检验依恋障碍的结构。
