Yary Teymoor, Virtanen Jyrki K, Ruusunen Anu, Tuomainen Tomi-Pekka, Voutilainen Sari
The University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
Department of Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, 70029, KYS, Kuopio, Finland.
J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2016 Jan;33:120-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2015.11.001. Epub 2015 Nov 10.
Zinc may play a role in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D), because it is involved in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the role of zinc in the etiology of T2D has been poorly investigated. This study was conducted to study the association of serum zinc on T2D risk in middle-aged and older Finnish men.
This was a 20-year prospective follow-up study on 2220 Finnish men from the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study (KIHD) who were 42 to 60 years old at baseline in 1984-1989. The main outcome was incident T2D. Serum zinc, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum insulin, C-reactive protein (CRP) and, in a subset of 751 participants, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), were measured. Also, the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) was used to quantify insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), beta-cell function (HOMA-β) and insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IS).
At baseline, serum zinc was associated with higher BMI, serum insulin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β and IGFBP-1 and lower HOMA-IS. During the average follow-up of 19.3 years, 416 men developed T2D. Men in the highest quartile of serum zinc had 60% higher risk (95% CI 20-113%; P-trend<0.001) for incident T2D compared with the men in the lowest quartile, after multivariate adjustments. This association was attenuated after adjustment for BMI (HR=1.39, 95% CI 1.04-1.85; P-trend=0.013) or HOMA-IS (HR=1.38, 95% CI 1.04-1.83; P-trend=0.015), whereas adjustment for the other factors had only modest impact on the association.
Higher serum zinc was associated with higher risk of T2D; effects of zinc on BMI and insulin sensitivity may partly explain the association. Further prospective studies are warranted to confirm our results and explore potential mechanisms.
锌可能在2型糖尿病（T2D）的发生发展中起作用，因为它参与抗氧化和抗炎活动。然而，锌在T2D病因学中的作用尚未得到充分研究。本研究旨在探讨芬兰中老年男性血清锌与T2D风险之间的关联。
这是一项对来自库奥皮奥缺血性心脏病危险因素研究（KIHD）的2220名芬兰男性进行的为期20年的前瞻性随访研究，这些男性在1984 - 1989年基线时年龄为42至60岁。主要结局是新发T2D。测量了血清锌、体重指数（BMI）、空腹血糖（FBG）、血清胰岛素、C反应蛋白（CRP），并且在751名参与者的子集中测量了胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白1（IGFBP - 1）。此外，采用稳态模型评估（HOMA）来量化胰岛素抵抗（HOMA - IR）、β细胞功能（HOMA - β）和胰岛素敏感性（HOMA - IS）。
在基线时，血清锌与较高的BMI、血清胰岛素、HOMA - IR、HOMA - β和IGFBP - 1以及较低的HOMA - IS相关。在平均19.3年的随访期间，416名男性患上了T2D。在多变量调整后，血清锌处于最高四分位数的男性发生T2D的风险比处于最低四分位数的男性高60%（95%CI 20 - 113%；P趋势<0.001）。在调整BMI（HR = 1.39，95%CI 1.04 - 1.85；P趋势 = 0.013）或HOMA - IS（HR = 1.38，95%CI 1.04 - 1.83；P趋势 = 0.015）后，这种关联减弱，而调整其他因素对该关联的影响较小。
较高的血清锌与较高的T2D风险相关；锌对BMI和胰岛素敏感性的影响可能部分解释了这种关联。有必要进行进一步的前瞻性研究以证实我们的结果并探索潜在机制。
