Lima Carolina V, Cury Jaime A, Vale Glauber C, Lima Marina D M, Moura Lúcia de Fátima A D, Moura Marcoeli Silva de
Federal University of Piaux00ED;, Teresina, Brazil.
Caries Res. 2015;49(6):640-6. doi: 10.1159/000442029. Epub 2015 Dec 12.
The main sources of fluoride intake by children are fluoridated water and toothpaste. Little has been studied regarding fluoride intake from these sources in regions with tropical climates and high temperatures throughout the year. This study aimed to determine the amount of fluoride ingested from diet and tooth brushing by children who live in a city with a tropical climate. Sixty-seven children from Teresina, Piauí, Brazil, took part in this study. The city's water supply was optimally fluoridated. The duplicate-diet method was used to determine the fluoride intake from diet. The intake of fluoride from dentifrice was determined by subtracting the amount of fluoride placed on the toothbrush and that recovered after brushing. The concentration of fluoride was measured using an ion-specific electrode and is expressed as milligrams/kilogram of body weight/day. The mean (±SD) total amount was 0.071 ± 0.036 mg F/kg body weight/day, and the relative contributions of diet and toothpaste were 0.025 ± 0.010 and 0.046 ± 0.035, respectively. The factors associated with fluoride intake from toothpaste were: use of children's toothpaste (p = 0.003), use of large amounts of toothpaste (p < 0.001), and a high frequency of tooth brushing (p = 0.003). Sixty-four percent of children had an intake of less than 0.07 mg F/kg body weight/day, which is considered the upper limit for an aesthetically tolerable fluorosis risk. The results suggest that the amount of fluoride ingested by most children who live in a Brazilian city with a tropical climate is considered safe in terms of the risk of dental fluorosis.
儿童氟摄入的主要来源是含氟水和牙膏。对于全年气候炎热的热带地区，这些来源的氟摄入量研究较少。本研究旨在确定生活在热带气候城市的儿童通过饮食和刷牙摄入的氟量。来自巴西皮奥伊州特雷西纳市的67名儿童参与了本研究。该市的供水进行了优化加氟。采用重复饮食法确定饮食中的氟摄入量。通过减去牙刷上放置的氟量和刷牙后回收的氟量来确定牙膏中的氟摄入量。使用离子特异性电极测量氟浓度，并以毫克/千克体重/天表示。平均（±标准差）总量为0.071±0.036毫克氟/千克体重/天，饮食和牙膏的相对贡献分别为0.025±0.010和0.046±0.035。与牙膏氟摄入相关的因素有：使用儿童牙膏（p = 0.003）、大量使用牙膏（p < 0.001）和刷牙频率高（p = 0.003）。百分之六十四的儿童摄入量低于0.07毫克氟/千克体重/天，这被认为是美学上可耐受的氟斑牙风险上限。结果表明，就氟斑牙风险而言，大多数生活在巴西热带气候城市的儿童摄入的氟量被认为是安全的。
