Scholz Alexander, Navarrete-Muñoz Eva Maria, Garcia de la Hera Manuela, Gimenez-Monzo Daniel, Gonzalez-Palacios Sandra, Valera-Gran Desirée, Torres-Collado Laura, Vioque Jesus
Department of Public Health, Miguel Hernandez University, Campus San Juan, Alicante, Spain.
Department of Public Health, Miguel Hernandez University, Campus San Juan, Alicante, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
Gac Sanit. 2016 Mar-Apr;30(2):126-32. doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2015.10.011. Epub 2015 Dec 3.
To describe the association between consumption of different alcoholic beverages and adherence to the Mediterranean diet.
A cross-sectional analysis was conducted of the baseline data of the DiSA-UMH study, an ongoing cohort study with Spanish health science students (n=1098) aged 17-35 years. Dietary information was collected by a validated 84-item food frequency questionnaire. Participants were grouped into non-drinkers, exclusive beer and/or wine drinkers and drinkers of all types of alcoholic beverages. Mediterranean diet adherence was determined by using a modification of the relative Mediterranean Diet Score (rMED; score range: 0-16) according to consumption of 8 dietary components. We performed multiple linear and multinomial regression analyses.
The mean alcohol consumption was 4.3g/day (SD: 6.1). A total of 19.5%, 18.9% and 61.6% of the participants were non-drinkers, exclusive beer and/or wine drinkers and drinkers of all types of alcoholic beverages, respectively. Participants who consumed beer and/or wine exclusively had higher rMED scores than non-drinkers (β: 0.76, 95%CI: 0.25-1.27). Drinkers of all types of alcoholic beverages had similar rMED scores to non-drinkers. Non-drinkers consumed less fish and more meat, whereas drinkers of all types of alcoholic beverages consumed fewer fruits, vegetables and more meat than exclusive beer and/or wine drinkers.
The overall alcohol consumption among the students in our study was low-to-moderate. Exclusive beer and/or wine drinkers differed regarding the Mediterranean diet pattern from non-drinkers and drinkers of all types of alcohol. These results show the need to properly adjust for diet in studies of the effects of alcohol consumption.
描述不同酒精饮料的消费与坚持地中海饮食之间的关联。
对DiSA - UMH研究的基线数据进行横断面分析，这是一项针对17 - 35岁西班牙健康科学专业学生（n = 1098）的正在进行的队列研究。通过一份经验证的84项食物频率问卷收集饮食信息。参与者被分为不饮酒者、仅饮用啤酒和/或葡萄酒者以及饮用所有类型酒精饮料者。根据8种饮食成分的摄入量，采用相对地中海饮食评分（rMED；评分范围：0 - 16）的改良版来确定地中海饮食依从性。我们进行了多元线性和多项回归分析。
平均酒精摄入量为4.3克/天（标准差：6.1）。分别有19.5%、18.9%和61.6%的参与者为不饮酒者、仅饮用啤酒和/或葡萄酒者以及饮用所有类型酒精饮料者。仅饮用啤酒和/或葡萄酒的参与者的rMED评分高于不饮酒者（β：0.76，95%置信区间：0.25 - 1.27）。饮用所有类型酒精饮料者的rMED评分与不饮酒者相似。不饮酒者食用较少的鱼类和较多的肉类，而饮用所有类型酒精饮料者比仅饮用啤酒和/或葡萄酒者食用更少的水果、蔬菜和更多的肉类。
我们研究中的学生总体酒精消费量为低至中度。仅饮用啤酒和/或葡萄酒者在地中海饮食模式方面与不饮酒者和饮用所有类型酒精饮料者不同。这些结果表明在酒精消费影响研究中需要对饮食进行适当调整。
