Fenichel Patrick, Brucker-Davis Françoise, Chevalier Nicolas
CHU de Nice, hôpital de l'Archet, service d'endocrinologie-diabétologie et reproduction, 062020 Nice cedex 3, France; Environnement, reproduction et cancers hormonodépendants, C3M Inserm U1065, équipe 5, hôpital de l'Archet, 062020 Nice cedex 3, France.
CHU de Nice, hôpital de l'Archet, service d'endocrinologie-diabétologie et reproduction, 062020 Nice cedex 3, France; Environnement, reproduction et cancers hormonodépendants, C3M Inserm U1065, équipe 5, hôpital de l'Archet, 062020 Nice cedex 3, France.
Presse Med. 2016 Jan;45(1):63-72. doi: 10.1016/j.lpm.2015.10.017. Epub 2015 Dec 2.
Endocrine disruptors are natural or synthetic chemical compounds which are present in the environment and which are able to interfere with hormonal regulation pathways and to induce human health deleterious effects. While their precise implication in human health and diseases is still matter of debates, it becomes likely that they have to be considered as risk factors in numerous chronic diseases: developmental and reproductive defects and hormone dependent cancers (present review), metabolic diseases (obesity and type 2 diabetes), neurodevelopmental or neurodegenerative diseases. Low doses exposure during critical windows of exposure such as foetal, perinatal and peri-pubertal periods, or chronic exposure with bioaccumulation in the adipose tissue, and possible synergic effects of several compounds ("cocktail effect") may participate to the genetic/environment interface suspected to participate to the pathophysiology of many diseases.
内分泌干扰物是存在于环境中的天然或合成化合物，它们能够干扰激素调节途径并对人类健康产生有害影响。尽管它们对人类健康和疾病的确切影响仍存在争议，但很可能它们必须被视为多种慢性疾病的风险因素：发育和生殖缺陷以及激素依赖性癌症（本综述）、代谢性疾病（肥胖症和2型糖尿病）、神经发育或神经退行性疾病。在胎儿期、围产期和青春期前期等关键暴露窗口期的低剂量暴露，或通过脂肪组织中的生物累积进行的慢性暴露，以及几种化合物可能的协同作用（“鸡尾酒效应”），可能参与了被怀疑与许多疾病病理生理学相关的遗传/环境相互作用。
