Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18, 08034, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2016 Feb 15;544:391-9. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.095. Epub 2015 Dec 3.
Antimony and copper are common components of brake linings. The occurrence of these two metals in urban atmospheric aerosols has been related to vehicular use. Urine samples (n=466) taken during the 32nd week of pregnancy were analyzed for Sb and Cu in pregnant women from an urban area (Sabadell, Catalonia, Spain). The geometric mean levels were 0.28 and 13 μg/g creatinine, respectively. Positive significant associations between urine concentrations of Sb and seasonality, intensity of physical exercise, working activities and traffic intensity at their home streets were observed. Cu showed the same trends but without statistical significance. In both cases, the estimated dietary ingestion of these two metals was larger than the inhalation inputs but the difference was much higher for Cu than for Sb. While Sb has no dietary role, Cu is an essential element which is also incorporated into humans through diet. The results suggest that inhalation of atmospheric particles may also constitute a source of Sb in pregnant women and general population of urban areas.
锑和铜是刹车衬片的常见成分。这两种金属在城市大气气溶胶中的存在与车辆使用有关。对西班牙加泰罗尼亚萨瓦德尔市的孕妇在妊娠第 32 周时采集的尿液样本进行了 Sb 和 Cu 分析。分别检测出的 Sb 和 Cu 的几何平均值为 0.28μg/g 肌酐和 13μg/g 肌酐。尿液中 Sb 浓度与季节、体育锻炼强度、工作活动以及居住地街道交通强度呈正相关。Cu 也表现出相同的趋势，但无统计学意义。在这两种情况下，这些两种金属的估计饮食摄入量都大于吸入量，但 Cu 的差异远高于 Sb。虽然 Sb 没有饮食作用，但 Cu 是一种必需元素，也通过饮食进入人体。研究结果表明，大气颗粒物的吸入也可能成为孕妇和城市地区普通人群 Sb 的来源。
